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SYSTEMATIC 
CATECHIZING. 

DIRECTIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 

FOR 

CATECHISTS 

AND 

TEACHERS. 



HAND-BOOK 

TO 

LESSONS ON THE PRAYER BOOK 
CATHECHISM 

V BY THE 

Rev. Hf H/t^6BERLY, M.A. 

WITH PREFACE BY THE 

Rt. Rev. JOHN SCARBOROUGH, D.D. 

Bishop of Nftv Jersey 



NEW YORK 
JAMES POTT & CO., Publishers 
Price, 20 Cents. 



( ... 



i-S-/llf-i 



^f: 



Copyright, i8q6, by 
JAMES POTT & COMPANY 



INTKODUCTIOK 



Before the sponsors leave the font with the 
child which they have brought to be baptized, 
the priest says to them, " Ye are to take care 
that this child be brought to the Bishop to be 
confirmed by him, so soon as he can say the 
Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and the Ten Com- 
mandments, and is sufficiently instructed in the 
other parts of the Church Catechism set forth 
for that purpose." 

In this admonition to the sponsors, the 
Church defines what religious instruction the 
child is to receive, and what is to be done when 
the instruction has been given. Confirmation 
is the next sacramental step in the child's 
spiritual life, and this is to be followed imme- 
diately by Holy Communion which is, equally 
with the Baptism which has just been admin- 
istered, necessary to salvation. The sponsors 
are also informed that it is their " parts and 
duties to see that this infant be taught, so soon 



4 INTRODUCTION. 

as he shall be able to learn, what a solemn vow, 
promise, and profession he hath here made " 
by his sponsors. " And that he may know these 
things the better/' he is to be called upon " to 
hear Sermons." 

The direction of the Church for the religious 
education of the child is perfectly clear. The 
sponsors, or parents, are to teach the child the 
Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and the Ten Com- 
mandments. They are to see that he is in- 
structed in the Church Catechism. They are 
to provide that he hears Sermons. They are 
to send him to church to be catechized by his 
pastor. They are then to take him to the 
rector with a request that he will present him 
for Confirmation. After that, the rector is to 
" move " him to " come without delay, to the 
Lord's Supper." 

This order of the Church requires first the 
action of the parents or sponsors, then the co- 
operation of priest and sponsors, and then the 
unshared responsibility of the priest. The duty 
of parents and sponsors comes first, and the 
priest cannot do his until the natural guardians 
of the child have fulfilled their obligations. 
The preliminary instruction of the child must 
be given at home, and when this has been done, 



INTRODUCTION. 5 

the duty of the priest begins. He is ordered to 
teach the child publicly in the church by means 
of sermons and catechizing. 

There are three specified subjects of instruc- 
tion : the Creed, the Lord's Prayer and the Ten 
Commandments ; i. e.. Doctrine, Worship, and 
Conduct or Morals. The first includes all that 
the child is to believe as matters of faith, the 
second embraces all that he is to do in giving 
homage to God, and maintaining spiritual in- 
tercourse with Him, the third teaches him his 
whole duty to God, to his fellows, and to him- 
self, and constitutes Christian living. When 
the child knows these things, he is to be con- 
firmed and admitted to the highest privilege 
of a human being, namely, the Holy Commun- 
ion. 

"Systematic Catechizing," as set forth in 
these pages, follows this order of the Church. 
Its aim is to train children in the faith and 
morals of the Gospel and the Church, to pre- 
pare them for Confirmation, and to make them 
devout and God-fearing Christians, who can 
give an intelligent reason for belonging to the 
American branch of the Catholic Church. Any 
child that seriously follows this three years' 
course of instruction, will be prepared for Con- 



b INTRODUCTION. 

firmation, so far as mental knowledge is con- 
cerned. The spiritual preparation is another 
matter, and one that is necessarily apart from 
catechizing. Whether or not a child is spirit- 
ually fit for Confirmation, will depend chiefly 
on home training and parental example. The 
clergyman's influence is a factor that cannot be 
reckoned upon, for it must be personally ex- 
ercised, and the opportunities for personal inter- 
course must depend upon circumstances that 
vary with each individual case. 

The Sunday-school should be the permanent 
Confirmation-class, and the instruction of each 
Sunday should help every child in its prepara- 
tion for Confirmation and first Communion. 
If the Sunday-school is not doing this work, it 
is an obstacle to the religious education and 
training of the children, for it is usurping time 
and opportunities that belong to the children 
by right. It is believed that in the system here 
presented, the Sunday-school and the catechiz- 
ing are duly related, each having its place and 
its work, and each helping the other. 



PEEFACE. 



It is a good sign of the times that manuals 
of instruction for the young are multiplying, 
and in great demand. And every new appli- 
cant for favor presents its special claim to the 
Pastors and Teachers of the Church. The 
" Systematic Catechizing," by the Eector of 
Christ Church, Elizabeth, claims and deserves 
a hearing. 

I have long known his admirable method of 
teaching the children of his cure, as he does 
every Sunday, and I am glad to commend it, as 
herein embodied, without one qualifying word. 

These lessons on the Faith of the Church are, 
in the main, the outcome of his own experience, 
and they are all the better for that. 

There are several features of this manual that 
should commend it to favor. 

Its definitions are clear and strong, and stated 
in few, plain words. There is no explaining 
away, or toning down of any Doctrine of the 
Church, There is no attempt made to please 



8 PREFACE. 

anybody, or everybody. The truth, as held and 
taught by the Church, " always and every- 
where," is stated in good, plain Saxon. 

The answer, it will be noted, always contains 
the gist — if not the very words — of the ques- 
tion. In this way the truth is fastened in the 
young mind as it could not be by answering 
" yes," or " no," to the question asked. This 
simple plan will lead to greater accuracy on the 
part of the young learner. 

The author's accuracy in theological learning 
is seen everywhere, in these statements of doc- 
trine and duty, so that even a child may com- 
prehend them, while there is no attempt made 
to explain " mysteries." It is hoped the method 
of teaching here set forth will help some, who 
have not the rare gift of the author, to make 
the Catechism of the Church a delight, instead 
of a drudgery, to the children of their charge. 
I predict for this, and the portions to follow it, 
a wide use in our Sunday-Schools. 

John Scarborough, 

Bishop of New Jersey, 

Trenton, N. J., Sept. 30, 1896, 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 



THE DUTY OF CATECHIZING. 

From the earliest Christian times, catechizing 
has been regarded as an important function of 
the ministry. A great mass of evidence could 
be produced in support of this statement, were 
it necessary to go beyond the law of our own 
Church, and our own day. The first rubric at 
the end of " A Catechism, that is to say, An 
Instruction, to be learned by every Person 
before he be brought to be Confirmed by the 
Bishop," in the Prayer Book, reads, " The 
Minister of ^very Parish shall diligently, upon 
Sundays and Holy Days, or on some other con- 
venient occasions, openly in the Church, in- 
struct or examine so many Children of his 
Parish, sent unto him, as he shall think con- 
venient, in some part of this Catechism." The 
second rubric requires Parents and Masters and 
Mistresses to " cause their children " to attend 



10 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

the catechizing. In England " openly in the 
Church " is explaind by rubric to mean after 
the second lesson at Evening Praj^er. This 
rubric, whatever else it may mean, does not 
mean a monthly or occasional service, at which 
" the Minister," that is, the Eector, makes an 
address to the children, generously embellished 
with anecdotes, frequently in language beyond 
their comprehension, and too seldom having 
a relation to the Catechism. Such addresses, 
from their nature and infrequency, can have no 
possible continuity, and are valueless in any 
scheme of doctrinal teaching. They may be 
entertaining, but they are not educative, and 
what children need is education. To educate 
means to draw forth, and there is no education 
of a child unless something is first put into the 
mind by instruction, and then drawn out by 
questioning. The Prayer Book contemplates 
the instruction of the child at home by parents 
or sponsors, and then orders it to be sent to the 
church to be questioned and examined by 
the rector, and in this way to be educated in 
religious truth and holy living. 

Unfortunately, the second rubric referred to 
is heeded but little ; children are not taught at 
home, nor, as a rule, are they made to attend 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 11 

Sunday-school, unless they are quite willing to 
do so. This parental neglect, so far from 
freeing the clergy from responsibility, makes 
their duty the more imperative. The Sunday- 
school has become a necessity, on account of 
parental neglect. In justice to parents it must 
be owned that their neglect is sometimes due 
to the Sunday-school, which has usurped the 
parental responsibility of teaching the child. 
Too frequently the clergy allow the Sunday- 
school to usurp the ministerial office of cate- 
chizing, and the duty of instructing and ques- 
tioning is relegated to irresponsible and unin- 
structed lay people. Sunday-school super- 
intendents and teachers are among the most 
self-denying and zealous people in the world, 
but zeal and the spirit of sacrifice do not con- 
fer Holy Orders nor theological education. 
The clergy by their office are authorized to 
teach ; in fact, teaching is one of the chief 
functions of the ministry ; and by their train- 
ing they are fitted to teach. jS'o one of com- 
mon sense would put a young girl into a school 
to teach arithmetic unless she had been first 
examined as to her knowledge of the science, 
and her aptness to teach. Yet it is quite usual 
to ask people indiscriminately to " take a class " 



12 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

in Sunday-school. If such a request involved 
a course of preparation before beginning to 
teach, with an examination at the end, it might 
work well enough. But there is no such in- 
duction into offlcCc The young person who 
has kindly consented to teach, is given a class, 
and then cruelly left to flounder amid theo- 
logical depths, and pitfalls of childish and 
often unanswerable questions. What heresies 
will not teacher and pupils be drawn into, 
under such circumstances ! Theology is the 
most exact and difficult of sciences, and severe 
training is necessary to create a competent 
teacher of it. The Church thinks thus, and 
therefore commands " TJie Minister," the one 
who has care of souls, to examine the children 
in the Catechism. The rector of the parish 
should reflect that he is responsible for the 
doctrine, as well as the conduct and worship, 
of his people, so far as he is able to control and 
direct those committed to his care, and he is as 
much to blame if he neglects regular and system- 
atic catechizing, as if he neglected preaching, 
or failed to regulate the worship of the parish 
over which he presides. 

Archbishop Peckham in his Constitutions, 
(A, D. 1281) says : " We order that every 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 13 

Priest having the charge of a flock, do, four 
times in each year (that is, once each quarter), 
on one or two more solemn feast-days, either 
himself or by some one else, instruct the people 
in the vulgar language, simply and without 
any phantastical admixture of subtle distinc- 
tions, in the Articles of the Creed, the Ten 
Commandments, the Evangelical Precepts, the 
seven works of mercy, the seven deadly sins, 
with their offshoots, the seven principal virtues, 
and the seven Sacraments." 

This order is for the instruction of the adult 
members of the congregation ; and it would be 
well if such an order were in force now. The 
hazy notions of Christian truth that prevail, 
the heresies into which well-meaning people 
fall, the ignorant and presumptuous denials of 
necessary truth that one meets with, would be 
in time removed, were there systematic instruc- 
tion required in every parish. 

In the meanwhile, however, there is some- 
thing that can be done that will correct the evil 
in the next generation, at least ; and that is, 
for the clergy to recognize and fulfil their 
solemn obligation and duty in the matter of 
conscientious, public, and weekly catechizing. 
The Eeverend Spencer Jones [The Clergy and 



14 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

the Catechism] forcibly and truly says, " I 
venture to believe that next to the ministration 
of the Sacraments, and the careful preparation 
for them that we may so easily forget to give, 
the work that comes next in importance is that 
which is involved in the great but splendid 
effort of the Parochial Catechism. The prep- 
aration of all other sermons and addresses 
ought, I believe, to come after, not before, the 
preparation for this. I am not forgetting the 
importance of preserving the balance in all our 
work. I know the temptation of the ' popular ' 
sermon in the evening, but all our work hangs 
together, and people who have been brought 
up on the definite teaching that a Catechism 
gives, will ask to be saved from ^popular' 
sermons, and will have a special affection for 
sermons that are good because they have points, 
and not for sermons of which no one can say 
what the points are, sometimes not even the 
preacher himself." 

In these days of "interesting" and "enter- 
taining " people, of bribing them to be Chris- 
tians by clubs and parochial teas, and social 
recognition, the time of the parish priest is 
most fully occupied. There are so many paro- 
chial agencies over which he must preside, and 



SYSTEMATIC CA*TECHIZING. 16 

which he must animate and direct, that there 
is but scant time for preparation of sermons, 
and for teaching Bible classes, and for neces- 
sary visiting. A layman said to the writer 
recently, " The clergy used to be pastors, but 
now they have become managers of business 
concerns." With this complexity of work and 
conflict of duties upon them, the clergy are 
urged to resume the neglected duty of cate- 
chizing. How can they do it? If it will not 
work in with existing engagements — why then, 
drop some of those engagements. Modify the 
parochial work until a prominent place is found 
for catechizing. It is a duty. It is of vital 
importance. Grave and eternal responsibilities 
attend upon it and result from it. 

Many of the clergy admit that the Sunday- 
school, as it exists, is unsatisfactory. A school 
may be numerically flourishing, but it does not 
serve its purpose unless the children who attend 
it are instructed in Christian truth and are 
grounded firmly in Church principles. The 
rector of one of our largest city parishes re- 
cently confessed that a small proportion of the 
children who passed through the Sunday-school 
were retained in the Church. Too often the 
Sunday-school is almost a separate institution, 



16 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

holding a slender allegiance to the parish. It 
is sometimes an imperiitm in imperio^ the super- 
intendent is elected by the teachers, the course 
of instruction is chosen by vote of officers and 
teachers, and the rector is nothing more than 
an occasional visitor. The clergy are them- 
selves to blame for such a state of affairs. As 
long as they look upon Sunday-school work as 
a disagreeable task, as long as they feel out of 
sympathy with the school, as long as they 
neglect to direct and control it, this condition 
will last. The rector should appoint every 
officer and teacher; he should select and ap- 
point the matter and method of instruction; 
he should, himself, be the teacher, and catechize 
every Sunday; and he should diligently and 
carefully prepare himself for the catechizing. 
He should not say Avearily, "I must say some- 
thing to the children," but he ought to have 
his mind and heart full of what he is to say. 
If he is a conscientious man, he will not go 
into the pulpit on Sunday morning to " say 
something " to the people, and no more should 
he go before the children in such a state of 
mental fog or spiritual dryness. 

One proposition after another has been made 
for a reformation of the Sunday-school, but no 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZIKG. 17 

elaborate mechanism, or ritual, or choral song, 
or floral festival will accomplish the task. The 
reform must begin with the clerg}^. When they 
recognize the solemnity of their duty in the 
matter of catechizing ; when they make them- 
selves feel an interest in the children; when 
they begin to yearn over the souls of Christ's 
little ones; when they have the children in 
their thoughts and in their prayers ; then the 
Sunday-school will become a great and blessed 
agency for good in the parish. 

THE 

The French clergy have given careful and 
sincere attention to catechizing, and have cre- 
ated a method that has produced most satisfac- 
tory results. The " Methode " was invented by 
M. Olier, the friend and disciple of St. Francois 
de Sales. It is said that " he found the parish 
of St. Sulpice a veritable sink of iniquity, and 
transformed it by means of Catechisms." The 
French use the word catechism to include the 
system of teaching, as well as the matter which 
is taught. There have been many eminent 
catechists among the French clergy — St. Francis 
Xavier, St. Vincent de Paul and Cardinal Bel- 



18 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZIKG. 

larmine the historian are examples. Italy has 
had at least one pre-eminent cateehist, San 
Carlo Borromeo, who established weekly cate- 
chizing in the chm*ches of his diocese of Milan in 
the sixteenth century. 

The French " Methode " is not a novel theory, 
or an untried experiment, but a system that 
has been proved by many years of practical 
working. It is admirably suited to the French 
social conditions; but as those conditions do 
not exist in America, the " Methode " cannot 
be used by us without modification. There 
are no Sunday-schools in France, and the 
"Catechism" takes their place. There are no 
rival denominations, and the children invari- 
ably attend the catechizing in the church of 
the parish in which they reside. The instruc- 
tion is the same in all the churches of the 
diocese, and there is no question of preference 
among either parents or children. The form 
of service is the same in all the churches, so 
that there is no choice of elaborate or simple 
ceremonial. The children all attend church 
on Sunday morning, and therefore the two 
hours of catechizing in the afternoon can be 
devoted entirely to instruction in matters of 
faith and morals. We, on the contrary, are 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 19 

compelled to teach the children the use of the 
Prayer Book, and to provide an Office of 
Worship, since, as a rule, the children attend 
no service on Sunday but the catechizing, or 
" Children's Service." 

In the French method, everything depends 
upon the catechist. He gives oral instruction, 
animates and directs the whole body of chil- 
dren, in short, makes the " Catechism." 



A PLAN FOR SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

There is no claim of perfection made for the 
plan of instruction set forth in this book. It is 
only suggested as a help to those who desire to 
make the Sunday-school efficient as a means 
for teaching Christian doctrine and morals, and 
Church principles. It is the French method, 
adapted to the circumstances in which we find 
ourselves, and adheres as closely to the model 
as social conditions permit. 

Bishop Dupanloup, in his " Ministry of Cate- 
chizing," says that six exercises are necessary 
to make what the French call a " Catechism,'^ 
viz., the Questioning, the Instruction, the 
Eeading of the Gospel and the Homily, the 



20 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

Admonitions, the Hymns, and the Prayers. A 
certain flexibility of use of these six exercises 
is allowable as long as they are all preserved. 
They are retained here, though with necessary 
modifications. 

THE QUESTIONING. 

For this exercise a book is provided for the 
teachers and pupils to learn. It is called 
" Lessons on the Prayer Book Catechism," 
and will be issued in three series, providing for 
a three years' course of instruction. The first 
year is given to Doctrine.' The lessons are an 
explanation of the Creed, and the doctrinal 
portions of the Church Catechism. The lessons 
for the second year are on Conduct, and deal 
with the Commandments, and those parts of 
the Catechism which concern morals. The 
lessons for the third year are on "Worship, and 
treat of the Sacraments, the Ofiices of the 
Church, Tradition, and an outline of Church 
History. 

This course of instruction, if thoroughly 
taught and learned, will prepare a child for 
confirmation, and will enable him to give a 
reason for the faith that is in him. If a child 
remains more than three years in the school, 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 21 

he will have the advantage of a review of what 
he Jias learned, and thus will become better 
grounded in the faith. The lessons are so ar- 
ranged that it will make no material difference 
to a child if he begins with Doctrine, or enters 
the school in the second or third year. 

The " Lessons " are prepared for the average 
intelligence of the Sunday-school pupil, and 
the average age of twelve years. They are 
written in the simplest language that could be 
used, and with careful precision of word as 
well as thought. As a rule, every answer con- 
tains the preceding question, and every answer 
is a complete and definite statement. The 
lessons must be learned by all the pujnls^ in 
order that the catechizing may be general. 
Some of the younger children may find the 
lessons too hard, and some of the older ones 
will think them too easy ; but they will be 
found suited to the majority. 

The number of lessons for the year is set at 
forty, although there are fifty-two Sundays. 
The reason for the limit is that most schools 
are closed for two months in summer, that is, 
eight or nine Sundays. The opening Sunday 
in the autumn is of no practical value for teach- 
ing, and Easter Day is usually observed by a 



22 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

special service. This leaves one or two Sun- 
days for review of lessons. It is advisable to 
have one review soon after Christmas, and the 
other at the end of the school year. 

THE INSTRUCTION. 

The Instruction is the technical term for oral 
teaching by the catechist on the day or season 
of the ritual year. In some schools altogether 
too much time is given to the days and seasons. 
It is important that the children should know 
when Advent or Epiphany come, what they 
mean and teach, and what bearing they, or 
any other ecclesiastical season, have on the 
Christian life, and therefore the catechist 
should devote a portion of the time of cate- 
chizing to this exercise. He should briefly and 
tersely give the Instruction, ask two or three 
questions about it, and then deliver his Homily 
or address (very short) upon the particular 
teaching of the day or season, if the Homily is 
given at that time. 

THE BIBLE LESSON. 

In the French method, the Gospel for the 
day is read from the pulpit. Sometimes it is 
said from memory by one pupil or more, or 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 23 

by all the children. After the reading, the 
children are seated, and the catechist explains 
the Gospel, the pupils taking notes. The chil- 
dren are encouraged to write analyses from 
these notes, and to send them to the catechist. 
On the following Sunday he reads the best of 
these compositions, and the child is given a 
mark. For a given number of marks, a prize 
is awarded. 

Our system is a modification of this. The 
catechist reads a portion of Holy Scripture, 
and then proceeds at once to question the chil- 
dren upon what they have just heard. The 
Bible lesson is not picked out hap-hazard, but 
is part of a scheme selected for the whole year. 
Any scheme may be chosen, provided it be 
thoughtfully arranged with a view to positive 
teaching. It is necessary to have the selections 
vary from year to year, and not to be repeated 
within four or five years. It is probably best 
for the catechist to make his own selection, as 
it will give force and individuality to his teach- 
ing. It is of little consequence what part of 
the Bible, or what subject is chosen for study, 
but it is important that the lessons should fol- 
low consecutively. In Appendix A are given 
courses of study of the Book of Genesis, the 



24 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

Book of Isaiah and the Gospel according to St. 
Mark. Another course might be the History 
of the Jews beginning with the Exodus ; an- 
other, the Lives of the greater Prophets ; an- 
other, the Lives of the chief Kings of Judah 
and Israel ; another, the Life of our Lord ; an- 
other, the Acts of the Apostles, and so on ; or 
the Diocesan Scheme may be adopted. 

The Bible lesson should always be an- 
nounced on the preceding Sunday, and the 
children should be asked to repeat the refer- 
ence three or four times, to make sure that 
they know it. They should be urged to care- 
fully read it at home, and to come prepared on 
the next Sunday to be questioned upon the 
lesson. The older children should be asked to 
write analyses of the lesson, and to hand them 
in before the catechizing, so that the catechist 
may have time to look them over, and to select 
the best for public reading. A text-book on 
the Bible lesson may be furnished the older 
scholars, but it is much better for them to read 
the Bible themselves, and think out the mean- 
ing. If the child is anxious to learn, he will 
seek references, and ask questions, and thus 
get more out of the lesson than if much is done 
for him. 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 26 

The importance of the Bible lesson cannot 
be overestimated. The popular ignorance of 
Holy Scripture is appalling. It is scarcely 
credible, but it is true, that the Bible is a sealed 
book to most people, and that they are igno- 
rant of the most noted events mentioned in 
Scripture, or of the people who figured in them. 
The best literature abounds in scriptural allu- 
sions, metaphors, and turns of expression, and 
no one can claim a liberal education who is in- 
capable of understanding these biblical refer- 
ences. College professors and teachers in the 
higher schools complain bitterly of the dense 
ignorance of the youth concerning biblical ref- 
erences in literature. Indeed, so strongly has 
this defect in education been forced upon the 
teaching faculty, that one of our most promi- 
nent colleges has established a course of Bible 
study, so as to enable the students to under- 
stand the secular books they read. In our 
Sunday-schools the Bible will not be read as 
Hebrew literature, but as the written word of 
God, and the sacredness of the book must 
therefore be prominently insisted upon by the 
catechist. 

THE HOMILY. 

The catechist should deliver a brief homily, 



26 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

or address, at every catechizing, which he has 
previously carefully prepared. It may follow 
the Bible lesson, or the Questioning on the 
Catechism, or the Instruction on the teaching 
of the day. It must, however, be relative to 
one of the subjects of instruction given at that 
time, and it must reiterate, enforce and illus- 
trate what has been taught. The homily must 
be brief, simple in thought, and simple in lan- 
guage, and must be directed to the eyes as well 
as the ears of the children. The catechist 
must learn to get a response from the eyes of 
the children. If the children understand him 
and are in sympathy with him, they will tell 
him so with their eyes. If he cannot get this 
sympathetic response, he should stop talking at 
once, for he is only wasting time and energy. 

Anecdotes may be sparingly used if they are 
illustrative ; otherwise they should be dispensed 
with. Story-telling is not catechizing. 

THE HYMNS. 

Children love to sing hymns, and there is no 
part of Sunday-school or catechizing in which 
they take so much interest. Ample and care- 
ful provision should be made for the musical 
exercise of the Catechism, The hymns should 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 27 

be selected before Sunday, and the list should 
be given to the organist, so that he may know 
what he must play, and may have opportunity 
to practise the music and study the words. It 
is a mistake to suppose that any hymn or any 
tune, played anyhow, will do. The music of 
the catechizing is as important as that of any 
other office of praise and prayer. There 
should be a method in the selection of the 
hyinns, so that they have a bearing upon the 
subject of the catechizing, or the character of 
the day, or season in the Church year. In Ap- 
pendix B will be found a list of hymns and 
psalms for the year. 

Psalms should form a feature of the catechiz- 
ing, because the Psalter is the inspired hymnal 
of the Church, and psalms occupy a prominent 
place in nearly all the Offices of the Prayer 
Book. A psalm should be appointed every Sun- 
day, and may be changed with the ecclesiastical 
season. It should be learned by the whole 
school, so that it may be said or sung without a 
book, if need be. Prayer Books are not always 
at hand, and children are sometimes very slow 
in finding the place. If the psalm or canticle 
has been committed to memory, the response 
comes full and quick. 



28 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

It is not advisable to have a choir at the 
Catechizing. The children will soon learn to 
sing a choral service, and will do it better if 
they alone are responsible, than if they have 
a choir to lead them. If the responsibihty of 
the music is thrown upon them, they will soon 
depend upon themselves. 

Hymns may be used as a catechetical mode 
of teaching. Let the children be seated. An- 
nounce a hymn previously selected. Let the 
organist play the tune and then pause. Ask 
the children to read aloud the first verse. 
Then question them as to the meaning of any 
unusual word in the first line or two. After 
that, ask for an explanation of the line, or 
lines. Proceed with the rest of the verse in 
the same way. As soon as the children have 
explained the meaning of the verse, bid them 
sing it. Do the same with all the verses. If 
the verse is a direct prayer, or a gloria, bid the 
children stand while singing it. A catechist 
will find many ways of making this form of 
catechizing interesting ; the children are always 
eager for it, and the opportunities for solid 
teaching are far greater than would be im- 
agined. 

It is desirable to have a hymn sung during 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZIKG. 29 

the collection of the offerings. If the children 
are not thus occupied, they will try the patience 
of their teachers by fidgeting, whispering, or 
some other form of misbehavior. 

A hymn sung kneeling immediately after the 
benediction is recommended, as promoting 
reverence, and teaching the children the reality 
of the words of hymns. Children, like their 
elders, are too apt to let their minds rest with 
the tune, and to think the words of no con- 
sequence. Catechizing with a hymn, or singing 
a hymn kneeling, compels the children to think, 
and when people are made to think, half of the 
object of a teacher is gained. 

THE PRAYERS. 

The Lord's Prayer, of course, will form part 
of every Office of Devotion. The catechist 
must instruct the children to say the Lord's 
Prayer whenever they pray, in private as well 
as in public, according to our Saviour's com- 
mand. 

The catechist will select the collects he uses, 
of which the collect for the day will be one. 
He must be careful not to use a long prayer 
— only collects. The attention of the chil- 
dren must not be allowed to flag, or they will 



30 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

acquire the habit of wandering thoughts in 
prayer, which is such an obstinate habit that it 
is very diflftcult to cure. The frequent Amen 
must keep the child's attention. 

Versicles and responses may be liberally used. 
Occasionally the Decalogue may be said, with 
its responses. The Litany may be occasionally 
used ; but not too often. ISTo prayers should 
be used at a catechizing but those in the Prayer 
Book. 

Celebrations of the Holy Eucharist for chil- 
dren are of parochial regulation, and do not 
come within the scope of catechizing. 

THE CATECHIST. 

The catechist should be a priest, and, if 
possible, the rector of the parish. He should 
be deeply impressed with a sense of his duty as 
a teacher of divine truth, and should value his 
office as a sacred responsibility. If he has no 
natural love of catechizing, he should seek it in 
prayer. If he has no natural aptitude for this 
form of teaching, he should cultivate it by 
study and practise. The faculty of catechizing 
can be cultivated, like extemporaneous preach- 
ing. The catechist should prepare himself for 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 31 

the weekly function as diligently and as 
thoroughly as he prepares his weekly sermon, 
and he should bestow equal care upon both. 
Systematic catechizing involves work, but no 
conscientious priest hesitates at work ; and 
when he knows that excellent results will follow 
his effort, his interest will be quickened by the 
stimulus of future success. 

OFFICERS. 

The superintendent of the Sunday-school 
should have entire control of the discipline of the 
school, and the arrangement of the children in 
classes, subject, of course, to the rector of the 
parish. The catechist should have no concern 
with the mechanism of the school, the records, 
the thousand and one petty details that must 
be attended to, and that require careful thought. 
This executive work ought to be done by a lay- 
man. I^o theological training is necessary for 
a successful superintendent, indeed his work 
will be better for the want of it, since he will 
then give his whole attention to executive work, 
and will leave teaching to the catechist. The 
superintendent should open the school with 
prayer, but he should never assume the office 
of the catechist, and should never " address " 



82 SYSTEMATIC CATEOHIZIKG. 

the school. During the catechizing his eyes 
and ears should be ubiquitous, so as to sup- 
press instantly any disorder or distraction, 
and thus leave the catechist free for his own 
work. 

The superintendent should not trouble the 
rector with details or cases of discipline, unless 
they are grave, nor, on the other hand, should 
he make changes in the order of the school, or 
dismiss children without the consent of the 
rector. 

A secretary can be of much help to a super- 
intendent by relieving him of the writing of 
the record book, by writing reports for him, 
and by acting as an assistant. 

The rector should be the treasurer of the 
school. Experience, sometimes dearly bought, 
has proved the wisdom of this rule. 

Other officers, such as librarians, monitors, 
etc., have no relation to catechizing, and there- 
fore are not within the scope of our plan. 

All officers and teachers should be appointed 
by the rector. 

TEACHERS. 

Teachers should make it an inflexible rule to 
be in their places at least five minutes before 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 33 

Sunday-school opens, and never to depart until 
the school is dismissed after the catechizing. 

The duties of teachers are important in the 
following order : 

1. To wisely control the children and preserve 
order. 

2. To see that the children know the lesson 
appointed for the day from the " Lessons on 
the Prayer Book Catechism.'' 

3. To discover if the children have read the 
appointed Bible lesson, and whether or not they 
know something about it. 

4. To give instruction and explanation on the 
lesson, if there is time to do so. 

5. To find what child is willing to be called 
upon to answer questions ; to write the name 
on a slip of paper, and to hand it to the super- 
intendent to be given to the catechist. 

6. To mark the children honestly and con- 
scientiously without partiality, according to the 
system that is the rule of the school. 

Experience has demonstrated that a teacher's 
efficiency depends upon the strictness with 
which these duties are performed. The success 
of a school depends as much upon the faithful- 
ness of the teachers, as it does upon the faith- 
fulness and ability of the catechist, or the 



34 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

superintendent. A corps of good teachers will 
contribute as much as any other element, to a 
good school ; while indifferent, unpunctual, or 
unamiable teachers can ruin a good school in 
a short time. A teacher must be regular in 
attendance. No talent for teaching or govern- 
ing can be substituted for regularity ; for 
nothing will so entirely demoralize a class, or 
break it up, as irregularity or unpunctuality of 
attendance on the part of the teacher. 

If it be possible, the catechist should gather 
the teachers at some time during the week 
and instruct them in the lesson for the follow- 
ing Sunday. The teachers should attend this 
class as conscientiously as they attend Sunday- 
school. 

If a teachers' class is held, each member 
should make notes and give serious attention 
to the lesson, so as to reproduce it to the pupils 
in the school. This week-day class is highly 
important to the catechist, the teachers, and 
ultimately to the scholars. 

A FORM FOR CATECHIZINa. 

Let the Sunday-school assemble as usual, 
and let the superintendent open the session 
with the Invocation, Lord's Prayer and a Col- 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 36 

lect. The work of the school should begin 
without a moment's delay, as time is precious. 
At the end of half an hour the classes should 
be formed into line, and be marched in proces- 
sion into the church. If possible, .a hymn 
should be sung, as it promotes reverence and 
order. 

At this point, the catechist takes charge of 
the school, the superintendent assisting quietly 
by keeping order and enforcing discipline. The 
catechist should be a priest, and, if possible, 
the rector or vicar of the parish. 

The processional hymn being ended, the 
catechist begins the Ofl3.ce in his stall, (all 
kneeling,) as follows : 

The Invocation. 

The Lord's Prayer. 

Yersicles and Responses. 

A Psalm. 

Then the catechist reads the Scripture lesson 
appointed for the day. 

[See Appendix A.] 

The lesson should be read slowly, distinctly, 
and impressively. It is advisable for the cate- 
chist to avoid the usual form of announcement, 
and instead, to say, " Children, I am about to 
read the Scripture lesson (or Bible lesson) and 
3 



36 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

I want you to pay close attention, so that you 
may be able to answer my questions after- 
ward," or something to that effect. The object 
is to arrest and hold the attention of the chil- 
dren while the lesson is being read. If the ap- 
pointed lesson is long, the catechist should 
read only the salient verses. 

As soon as the reading is ended, the cate- 
chist goes down into the body of the church, 
and standing at the head of the middle alley, 
where he can command the attention of the 
largest number of children, he begins to ask 
questions about the lesson which he has just 
read. After one or two questions have been 
asked, he should walk further down the church, 
so as to come into closer contact with the chil- 
dren. This moving about among the children 
in catechizing, is important. Questioning on 
the Scripture lesson should be limited to 
five or six minutes. At the end of that time 
the catechist may introduce the Homily. After 
that exercise he returns to his stall and a Can- 
ticle (Magnificat preferred if the time be after- 
noon) or a hymn is sung. After this follows : 

The Creed. 

Versicles and Responses. 

Three Collects. 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 87 

A Hymn. 

The catechist again descends to the body of 
the church, and questions the children in the 
lesson appointed from the "Lessons on the 
Prayer Book Catechism," walking about as 
before. He should endeavor to get answers from 
individual children. During this exercise he 
will call for answers from those children whose 
names have been handed to him. This exercise 
must not occupy more than fifteen minutes. 
At the end of the questioning, the catechist 
ascends the steps of the choir and makes such 
announcements as may be necessary, reads the 
report of the secretary and the names of those 
children who are on the honor roll. This 
will not occupy more than two or three min- 
utes. 

Then the catechist asks the name of the 
Sunday and season, what fact, or person, or 
doctrine is commemorated, and a few questions 
to prove that the children are giving attention 
and understand. He then makes a simple and 
intense address upon the truth about which he 
has been examining them, unless the Homily 
has been already given. This exercise should 
not exceed five minutes. 

The catechist then goes to the altar, and 



38 SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZING. 

begins the offertory. During the collection, a 
hymn is sung. This is important, in order to 
keep the children occupied. 

As soon as the alms are presented, the Cate- 
chist says : 

" The Lord be with you." 
Answer. " And with thy spirit." 
He then says an appropriate Collect, and 
gives the Benediction. After this, a hymn is 
sung kneeling ; and at its conclusion the cate- 
chist walks down the church to the door, the 
children following him in order. As soon as 
he reaches the door, he stands at one side, and 
the children pass out before him in review. In 
the meanwhile the superintendent sees to the 
departure of the children, regulating their leav- 
ing the seats and taking their places in the 
procession. The organ is played while the 
children pass out of the church. The teachers 
accompany their classes. If it is the custom 
of the parish to employ crucifer and acolytes, 
they should accompany the catechist, as it adds 
dignity to the occasion. As the catechist stands 
by the door, and the children pass before him, 
he scans their faces, gives a look of recognition 
to this child, a smile to another, and a nod to a 
third. This manner of departure not only 



SYSTEMATIC CATECHIZi:5rG. 39 

insures order, but it gives the catechist an op- 
portunity to establish personal relations be- 
tween the children and himself. After the 
last child has passed out, the catechist returns 
to the sacristy, and his part is done. The 
Superintendent again assumes charge of the 
school. The library books may now be dis- 
tributed, and the children marked and dis- 
missed as soon as possible. 



% 


APPENDIX B. 




A SCHEDULE OF PSALMS FROM THE 


PSALTER AND HYMNS FROM THE 


AUTHORIZED HYMNAL, 1892. 


Sunday. 


a 
>> 




a 




Benediction 






B 




1 


HymUr 




O 
O 






5ti 






PM 


^ 


o 


o 




I in Advent 


39 


8 


357 


143 


329 


II in Advent 


284 


8 


42 


405 


48 


Ill in Advent 


329 


8 


39 


44 


357 


IV in Advent 


43 


8 


48 


405 


329 


I after Christmas. . 


54 


98 


539 


536 


319 


II after Christmas. . 


539 


98 


54 


59 


319 


I after Epiphany. 


265 


47 


255 


69 


536 


II after Epiphany. 


65 


47 


66 


70 


534 


Ill after Epiphany. 


265 


47 


331 


257(73)* 


234 


IV after Epiphany. 


67 


47 


656 


71(73)* 


614 


V after Epiphany. 


62 


47 


623 


72(73)* 


550 


VI after Epiphany. 


63 


47 


632 


253(73)* 


535 


Septuagesima 


153 


23 


151 


444 


434 


Sexagesima 


504 


23 


511 


575 


567 


Quinquagesima 


516 


23 


573 


477 


77 


I in Lent 


81 


6 


78 


79 


526 (4 verses) 
526 (vs. 1, 5, 6, 7) 


II in Lent 


334 


6 


573 


511 


Ill in Lent 


521 


6 


353 


341 


526 (vs. 1, 8, 9, 10) 


Mid-Lent 


511 


6 


362 


418 


526 (vs. 1, 11, 12, 13) 


Passion Sunday 


104 


6 


653 


82 


526 (vs. 1, 14, 15) 


Palm Sunday 


94 


6 


559 


558 


526 (vs. 15, 16, 17) 


Easter Day 


114 


2 


110 


116 


534 


Low Sunday 


115 


2 


117 


111 


578 


II after Easter 


112 


2 


307 


116 


573 


III after Easter 


123 


2 


120 


122 


535 


IV after Easter.... 


115 


2 


123 


433 


567 


V after Easter 


117 


2 


414 


568 


534, 



* Hymn 73 should be sung on the last Sunday after Epiphany. When a 
Saint's Day, or other festival coincides with a Sunday, a change of hymns 
should be made. 



APPENDIX B,—Contmued, 



Sunday. 



Sun. after Ascension 126 24128 374 550 

Whitsunday 379 150,377 136 i 521 (6 verses) 

Trinity Sunday .... 388 150517 383 137 

I after Trinity 519 4 553 31 550 

II after Trinity 21 1558 573 552 

III after Trinity 518 1 568 16 567 

IV after Trinity 253 ll 17 15 563 
These Sundays omitted as they occur during the summer vacation. 
XII after Trinityj523 

XIII after Trinity;'^ 





d 




a 






>> 


>> 


o 




^tl 


^ 


o 


o 



Benediction 
Hymn. 



XIV after Trinity 

XV after Trinity 

XVI after Trinity 

XVII after Trinity 

XVIII after Trinity 

XIX after Trinity 

XX after Trinity 

XXI after Trinity 

XXII after Trinity 

XXIII after Trinity 

XXIV after Trinity 
XXV after Trinity 

XXVI after Trinity 
Next before Advent 



523 


1 


432 


616 i 


315 


4 


558 


115 . 


575 


4 


573 


434 : 


21 


4 


389 


553 


301 


4 


433 


606 


516 


4 


545 


540 


108 


4 


491 


407 


520 


4 


319 


562 


515 


4 


181 


491 


315 


4 


553 


434 


189 


4 


602 


10 


511 


4 


558 


17 


522 


4 


561 


490 


21 


4 


12 


481 


519 


4 


517 


553 


383 


4 


203 


616 



561 
550 
567 

11 
536 
535 
543 
602 

31 
9 

33 

11 
550 
614 
561 
389 



LESSONS 

ON 

THE PRAYER BOOK 

CATECHISM 

FOR 

THE USE OF CHILDREN 

, BY THE 

Rev. H) H>0BERLY. M.A. 

WITH PREFACE BY THE 

Rt. Rev. JOHN SCARBOROUGH, D.D. 

Bishop of New Jersey. 
FIRST SERIES 

DOCTRINE 



NEW YORK 

JAMES POTT & CO., Publishers 

Fourth Avenue and 22d Street 

Price, 10 Cents 



(Le-jL^ 



Copyright, 1896, by 
JAMES POTT & COMPANY 



PREFACE. 



'THIS Catechism is the first of three courses of " Lessons 
* on the Prayer Book Catechism , ' ' and treats of Doctrine. 
The other books treat of Conduct or Morals, and Worship. 
Every answer in the book is a complete statement, and, 
as a rule, contains the question that precedes it. Some of 
the answers will raise questions and require explanation. 
Such answers are purposely framed, as the lessons are in- 
tended to be educative. This Catechism is a companion 
to the author's '* Hand-book of Systematic Catechizing," 
in which is given a full explanation of the method of 
teaching. 

The lessons on the Sacraments may seem meagre be- 
cause they deal only with their doctrinal aspect. Further 
teaching on the Sacraments is given in the lessons on 
Conduct and on Worship. There are lessons provided 
for only forty Sundays, as most Sunday-schools are closed 
during July and August, and allowance must be made for 
Easter Day and Whitsunday, 



LESSONS ON THE PRAYER BOOK 
CATECHISM. 



DOCTRINE. 



LESSON L 

THE FOrNDATION OF BELIEF. 

1.— What is faith ? 

Ans, Faith is believing what is told us by 
some one whom we trust. 
2. — What is religious faith ? 

Ans. Keligious faith is believing what God 
has told us, and shaping our lives by 
what He has told us. 
3. — What kind of faith do we generally mean 
when we use the word ? 
Ans, When we use the word faith, we 
generally mean religious faith. 
4.— What is " the faith " f 



Ans. The faith is the truth which God has 
revealed, and which it is necessary to 
beheve and live up to, in order to be 
saved. 
5. — What does reveal mean ? 

Ans. To reveal means to make known 
that which we could not find out by 
ourselves. 
6. — What does revelation mean ? 

Ans, Revelation means the truth which 
God makes known to us. 
7. — What is God's revelation to us ? 

Ans. God's revelation to us is the faith as 
contained in the Bible, and explained 
by the Church. 
8. — What common name have we for the 
faith ? 
Ans. The faith of the Church is commonly 
called the Creed. 
9. — What does the word Creed come from ? 
Ans. The name Creed comes from the 
Latin word credo^ I believe. 
10. — Is there more than one Creed ? 

Ans. No ; there is only one Creed, but 
there are three forms of it ; the Apos- 
tles' Creed, the Mcene Creed, and the 
Athanasian Creed. 



11. — Which forms have we in our Prayer Book ? 
Ans. We have the Apostles' Creed and the 
ISTicene Creed in our Prayer Book. 
12. — When do we say them ? 

Ans. We say the Apostles' Creed in 
Morning and Evening Prayer, and 
the Mcene Creed in the Celebration 
of the Eucharist. 



LESSON II. 

THE TEACHERS OF THE FAITH. 

1. — " Rehearse the articles of thy belief." 
Ans. " I believe in God the Father Al- 
mighty, Maker of heaven and earth : 
And in Jesus Christ his only Son our 
Lord; Who was conceived by the 
Holy Ghost, Born of the Yirgin Mary ; 
Suffered under Pontius Pilate, Was 
crucified, dead, and buried ; He de- 
scended into hell. The third day he 
rose again from the dead, He ascend- 
ed into heaven, And sitteth on the 
right hand of God the Father Al- 
mighty; From thence he shall come 



8 

to judge the quick and the dead. I 
believe in the Holy Grhost ; The holy 
Catholic Church, the Communion of 
Saints ; The Forgiveness of sins ; The 
Eesurrection of the body ; And the 
Life everlasting. Amen." 
2. — What do you call what you have just said? 

Ans, We call it the Apostles' Creed. 
3. — Why do you call it the Apostles^ Creed ? 
Ans. We call it the Apostles' Creed be- 
cause it is the doctrine which the 
Apostles taught. 
4. — What is the meaning of doctrine ? 

Ans. Doctrine means a principle that is 
taught. 
5. — What is an Apostle ? 

Ans. An Apostle is one who is sent to 
teach a great truth, especially Chris- 
tian truth. 
6. — ^Who were the Apostles ? 

Ans. The Apostles were men whom our 
Saviour sent out into the world to 
preach and to teach Christian truth. 
7. — How many men did He first send ? 

Ans. Our Lord first sent twelve men 
whom He named Apostles. 
8. — What were their names ? 



9 

Ans. The names of the first twelve Apos- 
tles were (1) S. Peter, (2) S. Andrew, 
(3) S. James the Greater, (4) S. John, 
(5) S. PhHip, (6) S. Bartholomew, (7) 
S. Thomas, (8) S. Matthew, (9) S. 
James the Less, (10) S. Jude, (11) 
S. Simon, (12) Judas Iscariot. 
9, —Why do you put the word saint before 
the names of the Apostles ? 

Ans. We put the word saint before the 
names of the Apostles as a title of re- 
spect, because they were holy men. 
10. — But why do you omit the word before the 
name of Judas Iscariot ? 

Ans. Judas Iscariot was a bad man who 

stole and lied. He betrayed our Lord 

to the Jewish priests, and then killed 

himself. 

11.— Who became Apostle in the place of Judas ? 

Ans. S. Matthias became Apostle in the 
place of Judas Iscariot. 
12. — Did our Lord appoint him ? 

Ans. No. S. Matthias was elected Apos- 
tle by the other eleven Apostles after 
our Lord's resurrection. 



10 



LESSON III. 

THE TEACHERS OF THE FAITH (cOirriNTJED.) 

1. — How many Apostles did our Lord appoint? 
Ans. Our Lord appointed twelve Apostles, 
but one was a traitor, and another 
was chosen in his place. 
2. — Give the names of the Twelve Apostles. 
Ans. The twelve Apostles are : S. Peter, 
S. Andrew, S. James the Greater, S. 
John, S. Philip, S. Bartholomew, S. 
Thomas, S. Matthew, S. James the 
Less, S. Jude, S. Simon, and S. Mat- 
thias. 
3. — Were there more Apostles than these 
twelve ? 
Ans. There are more than twelve Apostles 
mentioned in the New Testament. 
4. — Give the names of some. 

Ans. S. Paul was an Apostle, so was S. 
Barnabas. 
5. — Did our Lord appoint other teachers and 
preachers beside the Apostles ? 
Ans. Our Lord appointed seventy other 



11 

men beside the Apostles to teach and 
preach the truth. 
6. — What did all these men teach ? 

Ans. The men appointed by our Lord 
taught the doctrines contained in the 
Creed. 
7. — How did they know these doctrines ? 

Ans. Our Lord taught the doctrines con- 
tained in the Creed. 
8. — How did the Apostles remember the exact 
truth? 
Ans. The Holy Ghost fixed the exact 
truth in the Apostles' minds. 
9. — Did the Apostles ever make any mistakes 
in teaching doctrine ? 
Ans. The Apostles could not make mis- 
takes in teaching the Faith, because 
our Lord promised to be with His 
Church to the end of the world. 



12 



LESSON IV. 

THE AUTHORITY FOR THE CREED. 

1. — How do we know that the Apostles' Creed 
was what the Apostles believed and 
taught ? 
Ans. We know that the Apostles believed 
and taught the Creed, because Church 
history tells us so. 
2. — Has the Church always taught the Creed ? 
Ans. The Church has always taught the 
Creed, as may be proved from the 
Prayer Books for eighteen hundred 
years. 
3. — How can we prove the truth of the Creed ? 
Ans, We can prove the truth of the Creed 
from the Bible. 
4.— What is the Bible? 

Ans. The Bible is God's written message 
to the world. 
5. — Did God write it Himself, as He wrote 
the Ten Commandments? 
Ans. God the Holy Ghost inspired men 
to write the Bible. 



13 

6. — What does inspire mean ? 

Ans. Inspire means to breathe into. 
7. — How did the Holy Ghost inspire men to 
write the Bible ? 
Ans. God the Holy Ghost acted upon the 
minds of holy men, and fixed the truth 
in their minds, and then they wrote it 
down. 
8. — How did we get the Bible ? 

Ans. The Bible was written by prophets, 
evangelists, apostles and other holy 
men who were members of the Church, 
and the Church says that the Bible is 
the word of God. 
9. — How did we get the Creed ? 

Ans. The Church gave us the Creed as 
she gave us the Bible. 
10. — On what authority do we receive the Bible 
and the Creed ? 
Ans. We receive the Bible and the Creed 
on the authority of the Church. 



14 



LESSON V. 

NECESSITY FOR BELIEVING THE CREED. 

1. — Is it necessary for every one to believe the 
Creed? 
Ans. It is necessary for every one to be- 
lieve the Creed if he would be saved. 
2. — Why is it necessary to believe the Creed ? 
Ans. It is necessary to believe the Creed, 
because we shall be judged at the last 
day for what we believe as well as for 
what we do. 
3. — Why does it make any difference what we 
believe ? 
Ans. We cannot truly love and serve God 
unless we believe the truth about Him. 
4.— Why not? 

Ans. Because God is truth as well as love, 

and we must believe in Him as He is. 

5. — Yes, but how does that affect our actions ? 

Ans. To serve God, we must know Him, 

and to know Him we must believe the 

Catholic Faith, that is, the Creed. 



15 

6. — May we not believe a part of the Catholic 
Faith, and be saved ? 
Ans. IN'o, we must believe all the articles 
of the Christian Faith, which is the 
same thing as the Catholic Faith, or 
the Creed. 
7. — Do you mean to say that a person cannot 
go to Heaven unless he believes the 
Creed ? 
Ans. No one can go to Heaven who re- 
fuses to believe the Christian Faith. 
8. — But suppose a person has not had the op- 
portunity to learn the Creed, cannot 
he be saved ? 
Ans. If a person does not know the Cath- 
olic Faith, God will judge him accord- 
ing to his knowledge. 
9. — ^Why is a right belief so necessary ? 

Ans. There cannot be a holy life unless 
there is a right belief in Christian 
truth. 
10. — Why is holiness necessary to admission to 
Heaven ? 
Ans. " Without holiness shall no man see 
the Lord/' 



16 
LESSON VI. 

THE ARTICLES OF THE CREED. 

1. — How many articles are there in the Creed ? 
Ans. There are twelve articles in the 
Creed. 
2. — What is the first article? 

Ans. I believe in God the Father Al- 
mighty, Maker of heaven and earth. 
3. — What is the second article ? 

Ans. And in Jesus Christ His only Son 
our Lord. 
4. — What is the third article ? 

Ans. Who was conceived by the Holy 
Ghost, Born of the Virgin Mary. 
5. — What is the fourth article ? 

Ans, Suffered under Pontius Pilate, Was 
crucified, dead, and buried. 
6.— What is the fifth article ? 

Ans. He descended into hell. The third 
day He rose again from the dead. 
7. — What is the sixth article ? 



17 

Ans. He ascended into heaven, And sitteth 
on the right hand of God the Father 
Almighty. 
8. — What is the seventh article ? 

Ans. From thence He shall come to judge 
the quick and the dead. 
9. — What is the eighth article ? 

Ans. I believe in the Holy Ghost. 
10. — What is the ninth article ? 

A71S. The Holy Catholic Church, the 
Communion of Saints. 
11. — What is the tenth article ? 

A71S. The Forgiveness of Sins. 
12. — What is the eleventh article ? 

Ans. The Eesurrection of the body. 
13._What is the twelfth article ? 

Ans. And the Life everlasting. 
14. — You said the words "I believe" only 
twice in repeating the Creed. Do 
they apply to all the articles ? 
Ans. The words " I believe " are under- 
stood before every article, as, for in- 
stance, " I believe He ascended into 
heaven," or " I believe in the Eesur- 
rection of the body." 
15. — Why do you say " Amen " at the end of 
the Creed ? 



18 



Ans, Amen is a Hebrew word, and means 
" So it be," or " So it is." I say it at the 
end of the Creed to show that I believe 
the Creed to be true, and that I truly 
mean what I say. 



19 



LESSON VIL 

THE FIRST ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Kepeat the first article of the Creed. 

Ans. I believe in God the Father Almighty, 
Maker of heaven and earth. 
2._WhatisGod? 

Ans. God is a Being of perfect holiness, 
truth, power and love. 
3. — "When did God begin to exist ? 

Ans. God always existed, and He will 
always exist. 
4._Why do we call God " the Father ? " 

Ans. We call God " the Father " because 
He made us and provides for us. 
5._-Why do we call God "Almighty ? " 

Ans. We call God "Almighty" because 
He is all-powerful. The angels are 
mighty, man is mighty, the devil is 
mighty, but God is almighty. 
6. — You say that God is the "Maker of 
Heaven and Earth ; " what do you 
mean by that ? 



20 

Ans. When I say that God is the Maker 

of Heaven and Earth, I mean that He 

made all things : the air, the sun, and 

moon and stars, the angels, the earth, 

man, the animals, the trees and grass, 

the sea, the rain, and everything else 

that is. 

7.^ — Out of what did God make these things ? 

Ans. God made all things out of nothing. 

8.— How did God make all things ? 

Ans. God made all things as He made 
light. He said, " Let there be light ; 
and there was light." 
9.— How long did it take God to make all 
things ? 
Ans. God made all things in six periods, 
called in the Bible six days. 
10. — How long were these periods ? 

Ans. We do not know how long these 
periods were. Each may have been 
thousands of years long. 
11. — What did God do on the seventh day, or 
period ? 
Ans, On the seventh day God rested from 
His work. 
12. — When did the seventh day end ? 
^ Ans. The seventh day is still going on. 



21 



LESSOR YIIL 

THE FIRST ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINTJED). 

1. — Repeat the first article of the Creed. 

Ans. I believe in God the Father Al- 
mighty, Maker of heaven and earth. 
2. — What did God make on the first day ? 
Ans. On the first day, or period, God 
created the elements and light, and 
divided light from darkness. 
3. — What did God make on the second day ? 
Ans. On the second day or period, God 
created the firmament, or expansion, 
and divided the clouds from water. 
4. — What did God make on the third day ? 
An^. On the third day or period, God 
separated the land from the water, 
and created grass, and trees, and all 
things that grow out of the earth. 
5. — What did God create on the fourth 
day^ 
Ans. On the fourth day or period, God 
made the seasons, and appointed the 
sun and the moon and the stars in 
their places. 



22 

6. — "What did God make on the fifth day ? 
Ans. On the fifth day or period, God 
made the fish and all creatures that 
live in the water, the birds, and winged 
insects, and all creatures that fly in 
the air. 
7. — What did God create on the sixth day ? 
Ans. On the sixth day or period, God 
made the beasts, the reptiles and all 
creatures that live on the earth. He 
also made man in this period. 
8. — What was man when God first made him? 
Ans. When God first made man, he was 
an animal, but God the Holy Ghost 
breathed into man " the breath of life ; 
and man became a living soul." 
9. — What did man then receive from God ? 
Ans. When the Holy Ghost breathed into 
Adam, man received something of the 
divine nature, and he became immor- 
tal, that is, he could not die. 
10.— But Adam did die ; and all men die. 

Ans. Yes, Adam's body died, and all men's 
bodies die, but man's spirit, which is 
himself, lives forever. 



23 



LESSON IX. 

THE FIRST ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINUEd). 

1. — Eepeat the first article of the Creed. 

Ans. I believe in God the Father Al- 
mighty, Maker of heaven and earth. 
2.— Did all the Persons of the Trinity have a 
share in creation ? 
Ans. The Nicene Creed says that God the 
Father made all things by God the 
Son. And God the Holy Ghost made 
them holy. 
3. — Was everything good when God made it ? 
Ans, When God had finished creation, He 
said that it was " very good." 
4. — Are all things good now ? 

Ans. All things are not good now. All 
people are sinful, and the earth brings 
forth thorns and weeds and poison 
plants. 
5. — What has made the change ? 

Ans. Sin changed the good to evil. Adam 
and Eve disobeyed God, and that was 
sin. 



24 

6._What did God then do? 

Ans. God drove Adam and Eve out of 
the garden of Paradise, He cursed the 
ground, and enmity sprang up between 
man and all other creatures. 
7. — Why did Adam and Eve sin ? 

Ans, Adam and Eve were tempted by 
Satan, and they ate of the forbidden 
fruit. 
8. — ^Who was Satan ? 

Ans, Satan had been a holy archangel, 
named Lucifer, or the "light-bearer," 
but he rebelled against God, and be- 
came the devil. 
9. — Why did he tempt Adam and Eve ? 

Ans, The devil tempted our first parents 
because he hates God, and he wants 
people to go to hell instead of to 
heaven. 
10. — How can we be saved from the power of 
the devil ? 
Ans, We can be saved from the power of 
the devil, and can go to heaven through 
our Lord Jesus Christ. 
11. — What do you mean by being saved through 
our Lord Jesus Christ ? 



25 

Ans. Our Lord Jesus Christ died to save 
us from our sins, and we can be saved 
if we believe the Christian Faith, and 
serve God truly. 



LESSON X. 

THE SECOND ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Repeat the second article of the Creed. 
Ans, " And in Jesus Christ, His only Son 
our Lord." 
2. — Who is Jesus Christ ? 

Ans. Our Lord Jesus Christ is God, and 
the Son of God. 
3. — When did our Lord Jesus Christ have a 
beginning ? 
Ans. Our Lord Jesus Christ never had a 
beginning. He always was and al- 
ways will be God, and the Son of 
God. 
4. — Why do you say that our Lord is God's 
only Son ? Are not we the sons of 
God? 
A ns. We are the sons of God by adoption 
and grace, and because God made us ; 



26 

« 

but our Lord is God's only Son be- 
cause He has the same divine nature 
as the Father. 
5. — Why do you call our Lord " Jesus ? " 

Ans, We call our Lord '' Jesus " because 
He was so named by the angel Gabriel 
before He was born of the Virgin 
Mary. 
6. — What does the name Jesus mean ? 

Ans, " Jesus " means God the Saviour. 
It is the holiest of all names, and must 
be used reverently. 
7. — Is it reverent to speak of our Lord as 
Jesus ? 
A71S. No ; we should always speak of our 
Lord as the Zord Jesus, or Christ, or 
our Saviour. 
8.— What does " Christ" mean ? 

Ans, " Christ " means " anointed." 
9. — Why do you apply it to our Lord ? 

Ans, We call our Lord " Christ " because 
He was anointed by the Holy Ghost 
to be our Prophet, Priest and King. 
10. — What does " anoint " mean ? 

Ans. To anoint is to put oil upon a per- 
son when he is set apart for a special 
office, as when a king is crowned. 



t 



27 

11. — When was our Lord anointed by the Holy 
Ghost? 
Ans, Our Lord was anointed by the Holy 
Ghost at His birth and at His baptism. 



I 



LESSON XL 

THE THIRD ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Repeat the third article of the Creed. 
Ans. " Who was conceived by the Holy 
Ghost, Born of the Yirgin Mary." 
2. — What does this article of the Creed teach ? 
Ans. The third article of the Creed teaches 
the doctrine of the Incarnation. 
3. — What does Incarnation mean ? 

Ans, Incarnation means being made flesh. 
4.— What do we mean by the Incarnation of 
our Lord ? 
Ans, By the Incarnation of our Lord we 
mean that the Second Person of the 
Trinity, Who was the Son of God 
from all eternity, was born as a child 
of S. Mary the Yirgin, and thus be- 
came the Son of man. 
5. — Was He born as a real human child like 
any other ? 



28 

Ans. He was born like any child, only- 
He did not have a human father. 
6. — Who is the father of our Lord ? 

Ans. God the Father is the father of our 
Lord Jesus Christ. 
7. — How was S. Joseph related to our Lord? 
Ans. S. Joseph was the husband of the 
Blessed Virgin, but he was not the 
father of our Lord. 
8. — How was our Lord born of S. Mary ? 
Ans. The Holy Ghost overshadowed the 
Blessed Yirgin, and her Child was 
born, being God and Man, and the 
Son of God. 
9, — Do you understand this ? 

A71S. No, I do not understand this, be- 
cause it is a mystery. 
10. — What is a mystery ? 

Ans. A mystery is something which is 
true, but which we do not under- 
stand. 
11. — If we understood the truth which is in 
a mystery, would it then be a mys- 
tery ? 
Ans. A mystery which is understood 
ceases to be a mystery. 
12. — Are there any mysteries to God ? 



I 



29 

Ans. There are no mysteries to God, be- 
cause He knows and understands all 
things. 



LESSON XII. 

THE THIRD ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINUED). 

1. — Kepeat the third article of the Creed. 
Ans. "Who was conceived by the Holy 
Ghost, Born of the Virgin Mary.'* 
2. — Where was our Lord born ? 

Ans. Our Lord Jesus Christ was born in 
Bethlehem of Judea, in the land of 
Palestine. 
3. — When was our Lord born ? 

Ans. Our Lord was born in " the fourth 
year before the common account called 
Anno Domini." 
4. — How do you find how long ago He was 
born? 
Ans. To fijid how long ago our Lord was 
born, add four years to the number of 
this year. 
5. — Was our Lord perfect God after He was 
born? 
Ans. After our Lord was born. He was still 



30 

perfect God as He had always been 
perfect God. 
6. — "Was our Lord a perfect man ? 

Ans. Our Lord was a perfect man, because 
He was born without sin. 
7. — Was there not a confusion of His natures 
by becoming man ? 
Ans. No. Our Lord's incarnation did not 
affect His divinity. He always had a 
divine nature and by His birth He 
acquired a human nature. 
8. — How is it now ? 

Ans. Our Lord has two natures, the 
divine and the human; and He has 
two wills, the divine and the human. 
9. — Does not this make Him two persons ? 
Ans. Our Lord is one Person, perfect God 
and perfect Man. 
10. — What is a person ? 

Ans. A person is one who thinks and 
wills and acts. 
11. — Are you a person ? 

Ans. I am a person ; and I know this be- 
cause I think and will and act. 
12. — Is your body your person ? 

Ans. My body is not my person. It is 
the house in which I live. I am a 



31 

spirit that believes and worships and 
thinks. 
13. — A spirit is immortal, that is, cannot die. 
How is it with you ? 
Ans, I, who am a spirit, cannot die, but 
my body will die and perish. 



W 



LESSOR XIII. 

THE FOURTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Kepeat the fourth article of the Creed. 
Ans. " Suffered under Pontius Pilate, 
Was crucified, dead, and buried." 
2. — Who was Pontius Pilate? 

Ans. Pontius Pilate was the Roman gov- 
ernor of Judea, under the Emperor 
Tiberius. 
3. — What is crucifixion ? 

Ans. Crucifixion is killing a man by fast- 
ening him to a cross, and then leaving 
him to die of starvation and pain. 
4. — Why did Pontius Pilate crucify our Lord ? 
Ans. Pontius Pilate crucified our Lord at 
the demand of the Jews, who said 
that He claimed to be the Son of God 
and the King of His people. 
5. — Is not this claim true ? 



32 

Ans. It is true that the Lord Jesus Christ 
is God and Man, the Son of God and 
the King of men. 
6. — Why did the Jews hate our Lord ? 

Ans. The Jews hated our Lord because 
they would not believe the truth which 
He taught, nor accept Him as the 
Saviour. 
7. — Did He truly die on the cross ? 

Ans. As man our Lord truly died upon 
the cross ; as God He could not die. 
8. — How do we know that He died ? 

Ans. We know that He died because He 
said " It is finished ; " because a sol- 
dier pierced His side with a spear, and 
'' thereout came blood and water ; " 
and because His disciples buried His 
body in a tomb. 
9. — Could there be any doubt about His body 
being dead ? 
Ans. There could be no doubt that our 
Lord really died upon the cross. 
10. — Where was our Lord's body buried ? 

Ans. Our Lord's body was buried in a 
tomb belonging to S. Joseph of Ari- 
mathea. It was hewn out of a rock, 
and no one had ever been buried in it. 



33 



» 



LESSOJST XIV. 

THE FOURTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINUED). 

1. — Eepeat the fourth article of the Creed. 
Ans. " Suffered under Pontius Pilate, 
Was crucified, dead, and buried." 
2. — What do we call our Lord's sufferings ? 
Ans, We call our Lord's sufferings " His 
W Passion," which conies from a Latin 

Avord, and means suffering. 
3. — Why did our Lord suffer 2 

Ans, Our Lord suffered His Passion and 
died on the cross to redeem and save 
us. 
4. — What does redeem mean ? 

Ans. To redeem means to buy back. Our 
Lord redeemed us from the slavery 
of sin into which we had fallen by the 
sin of our first parents, . Adam and 
Eve. 
5. — Why do we call our Lord Jesus Christ our 
Saviour ? 
Ans. Our Lord is our Saviour because He 
will save us from sin and from ever- 
lasting death. 



34 

6. — How will our Lord save us ? 

Ans. Our Lord has redeemed us by His 
death on the cross, and He will save 
us by His merit if we believe the Chris- 
tian Faith, receive the Sacraments, and 
live godly lives. 
7. — What do you mean by our Lord's merit ? 
Ans, By our Lord's merit, I mean that 
God the Father will grant His Son 
.anything He asks for us, because He 
died for us. 
8. — Why did our Lord die for us ? 

Ans. Our Lord died for us because He 
loved us, and because sin would shut 
us out from heaven, and only by His 
death could He take away sin. 
9. — What is sacrifice ? 

Ans. Sacrifice is the giving up, out of love 
for another, what is dear to us, and 
costs us much. 
10. — What proof of love have we in the Sacri- 
fice of Christ ? 
Ans. God the Father gave His dearly be- 
loved Son, and God the Son gave Him- 
self as a sacrifice for the sins of men, 
because He loved us, 



35 



LESSON XV. 

THE FIFTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Eepeat the fifth article of the Creed. 

Ans. " He descended into hell ; the third 
day He rose again from the dead." 

2. — What do you mean by saying that our 
Lord descended into hell ? 
Ans. When our Lord died on the cross, 
He went to the place of departed 
spirits. 

3. — But you said in the Creed that He went 
into hell? 
Ans, The Prayer Book says that the word 
" hell " in the Creed means " the place 
of departed spirits." 

4. — Does not the word "hell" mean the place 
of everlasting punishment ? 
Ans. There are two words in the Bible 
translated "hell." One word is Ge- 
henna, and means the place of eternal 
punishment ; the other word is Hades, 
and means the place where are the 
spirits of those who haye died. 



36 

5. — Why did our Lord descend to Hades, or 
hell? 
Ans. Our Lord descended into hell to 
show that He was a real human being, 
and had really died. 

6. — Did our Lord have any other reason for 
descending into hell ? 
Ans. Our Lord also descended into hell 
to preach the gospel to those who had 
died before Him. 

7. — How do we know this ? 

Ans, S. Peter says in the third chapter 
of his first Epistle, nineteenth verse, 
that our Lord "preached unto the 
spirits in prison," that is, in Hades. 

8. — Where was our Lord's body, while He 
was in hell, preaching to the spirits ? 
Ans, While our Lord was in Hades, tell- 
ing the spirits that He had died to 
save them from their sins, His body 
lay in the tomb, cold and stiff. 

9. — Our Lord is God and man. Where was 
His divinity while His spirit was in 
hell and His body in the grave ? 
Ans. Our Lord's divinity was with His 
soul in hell, and with His body in the 
grave, 



37 

10. — How long did our Lord remain in hell ? 
Ans. Our Lord remained in hell from the 
time He died until He rose again on 
the third day after. 



LESSON XVL 

THE FIFTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED (CONTINUED). 

1. — Repeat the fifth article of the Creed. 

Ans. " He descended into hell, The third 
day He rose again from the dead." 
2 — When did our Lord rise from the dead? 
Ans. Our Lord rose again from the dead 
on the third day after His crucifixion. 
3. — What does Resurrection mean ? 

Ans. Resurrection means " rising again." 
4. — ^Why do you say that our Lord rose 
again ? 
Ans. We say that our Lord rose again to 
show that the same body was alive 
that had been crucified. 
5. — Would it not be sufficient to say that He 
rose from the dead ? 
Ans. No ; we must show that as His body 
once lived and stood on the earth, so 



38 

the same body again lived and stood 
on the earth. 

6. — How do we know that our Lord's body- 
after the resurrection was the same 
body that had been crucified, and had 
been laid dead in the tomb ? 
Ans. After our Lord's resurrection, the 
disciples proved that His body was 
the same, because they saw and 
touched His wounds ; they recognized 
His voice and His features, and also 
His manner of doing things. 

7. — What did the Apostles especially recog- 
nize? 
Ans. The Apostles recognized the manner 
in which our Lord broke and blessed 
the bread, when He instituted the 
Holy Eucharist. 

8. — How did our Lord show that His resur- 
rection body was a real body ? 
Ans. Our Lord proved the reality of His 
body by eating and drinking in the 
presence of the Apostles, and by 
letting them touch Him. 

9. — Was there any difference in our Lord's 
body after He rose again ? 
Ans, Our Lord rose from the dead in the 



39 

same body that was born of His 
Virgin Mother, but it had undergone 
a change. 
10. — What was that change ? 

Ans. After the Resurrection our Lord 
did not need food to keep Him alive, 
and He could enter a room when the 
doors were closed, or vanish out of 
sight. 
11. — What do we call this change in our Lord's 
body? 
Ans. The change in our Lord's body at 
the Eesurrection we call glorification. 
12. — Was it a real body ? 

Ans. It was a real body, and the same 
body, but it was glorified. 
13. — Will our bodies ever be like that ? 

Ans. After the Resurrection our bodies 
will be glorified like our Lord's body. 



40 



LESSON XYIL 

THE SIXTH AKTICLE OF THE CBEED. 

1. — Eepeat the sixth article of the Creed. 
Ans. " He ascended into heaven. And 
sitteth on the right hand of God the 
Father Almighty." 

2. — What do you mean by this article of the 
Creed? 
Ans. I mean that on the fortieth day 
after He rose again from the dead, 
our Lord Jesus Christ went up to 
heaven, and that He is now there at 
the right hand of His Father, in the 
highest place of honor and of power. 

3. — What do you mean when you say that our 
Lord J esus Christ ascended ? 
Ans. I mean that our Lord Jesus Christ, 
God and Man, the Son of God the 
Father and of the Yirgin Mary, went 
up to heaven in the same body which 
was born of the Yirgin, which had 
died on the cross, and which had 
risen again from the grave. 



41 

4. — Who saw our Lord ascend ? 

Ans. The first eleven Apostles saw our 
Lord ascend. 
5. — Where is our Lord now? 

Ans. Our Lord's body and soul are in 
heaven ; but He is everywhere. 
6. — How can our Lord be everywhere ? 

Ans. Our Lord is everywhere, because He 
is God; His body is in heaven, because 
He is man. 
7. — Has any one seen our Lord since He as- 
cended ? 
Ans. S. Stephen saw our Lord when he 
suffered martyrdom. S. Paul saw 
Him outside the gate of Damascus; 
and others have seen Him. 
8. — You say that our Lord is present every- 
where because He is God, but that 
His human body is in heaven. How 
do you explain our Lord's presence ? 
Ans. Our Lord's bodily presence is in 
heaven ; His spiritual presence is 
everywhere. 
9. — Is a spiritual presence a real presence ? 
Ans. A spiritual presence is a real pres- 
ence. God is a spirit, and He is the 
most real of all things that exist. 



42 

10. — Define our Lord's spiritual presence. 

Ans. Our Lord is especially present where 
Christian people gather for worship ; 
He is mystically present in the Church 
" which is His body," and He is sacra- 
mentally present in the Holy Com- 
munion, which is His spiritual Body 
and Blood. 



LESSON XVIII. 

THE SIXTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINUED). 

1. — Kepeat the sixth article of the Creed. 

Ans, " He ascended into heaven, And 
sitteth on the right hand of God the 
Father Almighty.'' 
2. — What is our Lord doing in heaven ? 

Ans, Our Lord is in heaven ruling as 
King, and pleading His Sacrifice for 
us as Priest. 
3. — What do we call this act of our Lord, in 
pleading His Sacrifice ? 
Ans. We call our Lord's pleading for us 
His Intercession. 
4. — How does our Lord intercede for us ? 



43 

Ans. Our Lord intercedes for us by show- 
ing His wounds to the Eternal Father, 
and asking the Father, out of love for 
His Son, to forgive our sins, and to 
help us, and save us. 
5. — How often does our Lord intercede for us? 
Ans. Our Lord intercedes for us all the 
time. 
6. — Is there any intercession and pleading of 
Christ's merits made on earth ? 
Ans, When the Holy Eucharist is cele- 
brated, the priest, assisted by the peo- 
ple, pleads the merit of Christ's life 
and death for our forgiveness, help, 
and salvation. 
7. — To whom is this prayer of intercession 
addressed ? 
Ans. The memorial sacrifice of the Son of 
God in the Holy Eucharist is offered 
to God the Father by the help of God 
the Holy Ghost. 
8. — How much power has our Lord ? 

Ans. Our Lord has told us that all power 
is given to Him. 
9. — Did not our Lord always have all power 
as God ? 
Ans. Yes, our Lord always had all power 



44 

as God, but He also had all power 
given Him as man, after He rose again 
from the dead. 
10. — How did our Lord obtain all power ? 

Ans. Our Lord obtained all power by His 
birth, life, death, and resurrection. 
11. — How did our Lord obtain power over 
Satan ? 
Ans, Our Lord obtained power over Satan 
by His passion. 
12. — How did our Lord obtain power over sin ? 
Ans. Our Lord obtained power over sin 
by His holy life. 
13. — How did our Lord obtain power over 
death ? 
Ans. Our Lord obtained power over death 
by rising again from the dead. 
14. — How is our Lord's power exercised in the 
world ? 
Ans. Our Lord exercises His power in the 
world through the Church and the 
Sacraments. 



45 



LESSON XIX. 

THE SEVENTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Kepeat the seventh article of the Creed. 
Ans. " From thence He shall come to 
judge the quick and the dead." 
2. — Where ^vill our Lord come from when He 
comes to judge the world ? 
Ans. Our Lord will come from heaven 
when He comes to judge the world. 
3. — How will our Lord come ? 

Ans. Our Lord will come on the clouds 
of glory, and all the holy angels with 
Him. 
4. — When will our Lord come in judgment ? 
Ans. Our Lord will come in His human 
body at the day of general resurrec- 
tion at the end of time and of the 
world; but no one knows when that 
will be. 
5. — What do you mean by " the quick ? " 

Ans. " The quick'' means the living ; those 
who are alive at the judgment day. 
6, — What will happen to those who are alive ? 



46 

Ans. Those who are alive when Christ 
comes shall be " changed," as though 
they had died and risen again. 
7. — What will happen to those who are dead ? 

Ans, Those who are dead will rise to life 
again ; that is, their bodies will be 
raised from the earth and made alive, 
^ and they will come from the place of 
departed spirits, and live again in their 
bodies. 
8. — What will happen then ? 

Ans, Every one shall stand before Christ's 
throne, and be judged by the Lord for 
all the things thought and said and 
done while alive on the earth. 
9. — How will all things we have thought and 
said and done be known ? 

Ans. All that we think, or say, or do, is 
written down in God's " book of re- 
membrance," and at the day of judg- 
ment the books will be opened. 
10. — What will happen after the books are 
opened ? 

Ans. After the books are opened, and our 
record read out, the Lord will pro- 
nounce sentence on every one, and will 
gend him either to heaven or to hell. 



r 



47 

11. — How long will people stay where they are 
sent ? 
Ans. People will stay forever and ever 
where Christ bids them go. Those 
who go to heaven will be happy eter- 
nally, and those who go to hell will 
suffer eternally. 

12.-— What meaning has the word hell in con- 
nection with the judgment ? 
Ans, The word hell, as used in connection 
with the judgment, means the place 
where the wicked will be sent to suffer 
everlastingly. 

13. — How long will our Lord continue to reign ? 
Ans. " His kingdom shall have no end." 



LESSOR XX. 

THE EIGHTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Eepeat the eighth article of the Creed. 

Ans, " I believe in the Holy Grhost." 
2.— Who is the Holy Ghost ? 

Ans, The Holy Ghost is the Third Person 
of the Adorable Trinity. 
3.— Is the Holy Ghost God ? 



48 

Ans, The Holy Ghost is God. 
4. — Is He the same as the Father or the Son ? 
Ans. The Holy Ghost is not the same as 
either the Father or the Son ; yet He 
is God, as They are God. 
5. — Are you not making out that there are 
three Gods ? 
Ans. There can be but one God. It would 
be impossible for more than one God 
to exist. But there are Three Persons 
in the One Godhead. 
6. — What is a person ? 

Ans. A person is one who thinks and wills 
and acts. 
7. — Is a visible body necessary to a person ? 
Ans. A body that can be seen and touched 
is not necessary to a person. God the 
Father is a Person and He has no body ; 
and so also the Holy Ghost is a Person 
and has no body. 
8. — But our Lord Jesus Christ has a body. 
Ans. Yes, our Lord Jesus Christ, "Who is 
God the Son, has a body, but He only 
took the body in order that He might 
live and die as a man. 
9. — What does Ghost mean ? 

Ans. Ghost is a Saxon word, and means 



49 

spirit ; Holy Ghost and Holy Spirit 
are the same Person. 
10. — What is the especial work that the Holy 
Spirit does for humanity ? 
Ans. The especial work of the Holy Ghost 
is to make men holy. 



LESSOIT XXL 

THE EIGHTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINIJED). 

1. — Kepeat the eighth article of the Creed. 

A71S. " I believe in the Holy Ghost." 
2. — What does the Mcene Creed say about the 
Holy Ghost? 
Ans. The Mcene Creed says, " I believe 
in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and 
Giver of Life ; Who proceedeth from 
the Father and the Son, Who with 
the Father and the Son together is 
worshipped and glorified, Who spake 
by the Prophets." 
3. — Does the Nicene Creed mean more than 
the Apostles' Creed means ? 
Ans. The Nicene Creed means no more 
4 



60 

than the Apostles' Creed ; it only ex- 
plains the shorter Creed. 

4, — Why was the Nicene Creed put forth ? 
Ans. The Nicene Creed was put forth by 
the Church in General Council to de- 
fine those doctrines which had been 
denied or falsely taught. 

5. — As the Nicene Creed says so much more 
about the Holy Spirit than the 
Apostles' Creed does, I suppose there 
had been a good deal of heresy about 
Him. By the way, what does heresy 
mean ? 
Ans. Heresy means " choosing." 

6. — ^What is there wrong in heresy ? 

Ans. The Bible teaches us that heresy 
is one of the worst sins we can com- 
mit. 

7. — ^What is the sin of heresy ? 

Ans. The sin of heresy is to believe only 
such doctrines as one chooses, in- 
stead of believing the whole Creed. 
Heresy is rejecting the Catholic Faith. 

8. — ^Why is it so dreadful a sin ? 

Ans. Heresy is a fearful sin because it is 
refusing to believe the truth as the 
Holy Ghost reveals it ; and that is as 



61 

much as to say that the Holy Ghost 
does not know the truth, or that He 
does not tell the truth. 
9. — But is not the Holy Ghost the Spu-it of 
Truth? 

Ans. Yes, the Holy Ghost is the Spirit of 
Truth, and therefore to reject any part 
of the Catholic Faith is to make the 
Holy Ghost a liar. 
10. — Can that sin be forgiven? 

Ans. The sin of heresy can be forgiven 
only by sincere repentance, and by 
accepting the whole Christian Faith. 



LESSON xxn. 

THE EIGHTH ARTICLE OF THE OEEED (cONTINUED). 

1. — Kepeat the eighth article of the Creed, as 
contained in the Nicene Creed. 
Ans. " I believe in the Holy Ghost, the 
Lord' and Giver of Life ; Who pro- 
ceedeth from the Father and the Son, 
Who with the Father and the Son to- 
gether is worshipped and glorified, 
Who spake by the Prophets." 



62 

2, — Why does the Creed call the Holy Ghost 
"the Lord"? 
Ans. The Holy Ghost is called " the Lord '' 
to show that He is God. It is the 
same title as Jehovah. 
3._Why is He caUed the " Giver of Life" ? 
Ans. The Holy Ghost is called the "Life- 
giver," because He is the fountain 
or source of everlasting life. Adam 
was only an animal until God the 
Holy Ghost breathed into his nos- 
trilsj and then he became a living 
soul. 
4.— Does the Holy Spirit give life now? 

Ans. The Holy Ghost gives spiritual life 
to every one at his baptism. 
5. — ^Will the gifts of the Holy Ghost have 
any especial influence upon our eternal 
life?^ 
Ans. Our eternal life will depend entirely 
upon the sanctiflcation we receive 
from the Holy Ghost. 
6. — ^What do you mean by " sanctiflcation " ? 
A71S. Sanctiflcation means being made 
holy. 
7. — And what does " holiness " mean ? 

Ans. Holiness means being freed from 



63 

sin, and hating sin ; and loving right, 
and truth, and purity. 
8. — What else does holiness mean ? 

Ans, Holiness also means loving God 
above all else ; finding the highest joy 
in worshipping Him; and desiring 
above all things to be with Him. 
9. — What do you mean by " Proceedeth from 
the Father and the Son" ? 
Ans, "Proceedeth from the Father and 
the Son " means that as the Son is 
"born" of the Father, so the Holy 
Ghost "proceeds" from the Father; 
but that He was sent into the world 
by the Son to sanctify men through 
the Church. 
10. — What do you mean by " spake by the 
Prophets " ? 
, Ans. The Creed says that the Holy Spirit 
" spake by the Prophets," that is, He 
made the prophets His mouthpiece for 
revealing truth before our Lord was 
born. 
11. — How has the Holy Ghost spoken since 
Christ came ? 
Ans. Since Christ came, the Holy Ghost 
has spoken by the Church. 



64 
LESSON XXIII. 

THE NINTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Eepeat the ninth article of the Creed. 
Ans. "The holy Catholic Church, The 
Commnnion of Saints." 

2. — What does the word " Church " mean ? 
Ans. The name " Church " comes from a 
Greek word, and means " belonging to 
the Lord." 

3.— What is the Church ? 

Ans. The Church is " the mystical Body 
of Christ," and it consists of the faith- 
ful people who have been baptized, 
united in one company throughout 
all the world, and ruled by lawful 
bishops. 

4. — That is not a sufficient definition ; tell me 
something more about the Church. 
Ans. The Church is the same religious 
body that has existed since the Holy 
Ghost came on Pentecost. It has the 
same doctrine, the same ministry, the 
same sacraments, the same worship, 



55 

and the same principles of conduct 
that the Apostles had. 

5. — How is the Church holy ? 

Ans. The Church is holy because Christ 
the Head is holy ; because it is sancti- 
fied by the Holy Ghost; because it 
teaches holy truth; and because the 
lives of the saints are holy. 

6.— What does " Catholic " mean ? 

Ans. Catholic means universal. As ap- 
plied to the Church, it means that the 
Church is spread throughout the earth, 
and is meant for everybody ; not like 
the Jewish Church, which was meant 
only for the Jews. 

7. — What else does " Catholic " mean ? 

Ans. Catholic also means spread through 
all time, and it means that there can 
be but one true Church to last as long 
as time endures. 

8.— Does Catholic mean anything else ? 

Ans. Yes; Catholic also means one uni- 
versal Church, as opposed to a number 
of churches; and it also means that 
there can be no Church unless it has 
a ministry of bishops, priests, and 



66 

deacons, directly descended from the 

Apostles. 
9. — What does Catholic mean as applied to 

the Faith? 
Ans. By the Catholic Faith, we mean 

that doctrine that has been universally 

received and taught by the whole 

Church from the time of the Apostles 

down to this day. 
10. — Can the Church add to, or take from, the 

Catholic Faith? 
Ans. The Church can neither add to nor 

take from the Catholic Faith the very 

smallest article. 



LESSON XXIY. 

THE NINTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINFEd). 

1. — Eepeat the ninth article of the Creed. 
Ans. " The holy Catholic Church, The 
Communion of Saints." 
2. — In the Mcene Creed the Church is also 
called Apostolic. What does that 
mean ? 
Ans. The Church is Apostolic because it 
comes in direct descent from the 



67 

Apostles, and believes and teaches and 
does what the Apostles believed and 
taught and did. 
3._Who is the Head of the Church ? 

Ans. Our Lord Jesus Christ is the Head 
of the Church. 
4. — Has our Lord commissioned any one to 
rule the Church ? 
Ans. Our Lord has commissioned the 
bishops to rule the Church in His 
Name, and by His authority. 
5. — Is one bishop higher than another ? 

Ans. All bishops are equal in power and 
authority. 
6. — How many kinds of Ministers are there in 
the Church? 
Ans. There are three kinds of Ministers 
in the Church; Bishops, Priests and 
Deacons. 
7. — How is a man made a lawful Minister ? 
Ans. A man is made a lawful Minister by 
ordination by a lawful Bishop. 
8. — What is a lawful Bishop ? 

Ans. A lawful Bishop is one who has been 
ordained by another lawful Bishop, 
and he by another lawful Bishop, 
and so on, back to the Apostles. 



68 

9.— How many Churches are there ? 

Ans. There is only one Church; the 
Greek and other Eastern Churches, the 
Eoman, the English, the Scotch, the 
Irish and the American Churches, are 
branches of the one Church. 
10. — To what Church do we belong ? 

Ans, We belong to the American Church, 
commonly called the Protestant Epis- 
copal Church. 
11. — Is it a true branch of the Catholic Church ? 
A71S, The American Church is a true 
branch of the One, Holy, Catholic and 
Apostolic Church. 



LESSON XXV. 

THE NINTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINUED). 

1. — Repeat the ninth article of the Creed. 
Ans. "The holy Catholic Church, the 
Communion of Saints." 
2. — Into how many parts is the Church 
divided ? 
Ans. The Church is divided into three 
parts ; the Church Militant, the 



69 

Church Expectant, and the Church 
Triumphant. 
3. — ^Who compose the Church Militant, and 
what does the name mean ? 
Ans. All baptized people on earth com- 
pose the Church Militant; and the 
name means the Fighting Church.. 
4. — "Why do we call it the Fighting Church ? 
Ans. We call the Church on earth the 
Fighting Church, because it is fighting 
against Satan and sin. 
5. — Who compose the Church Expectant ? 
Ans, The Church Expectant is composed 
of all who have died in faith and 
penitence. 
6. — Where is the Church Expectant ? 

Ans, The Church Expectant is in the 
place of departed spirits, commonly 
called Paradise. 
7. — Why is it called the Church Expectant ? 
Ans, The Church in Paradise is called the 
Church Expectant, because the mem- 
bers are expecting the resurrection to 
eternal life. 
8. — Are the members of the Church Expect- 
ant alive ? 
Ans. The members of the Church Expect- 



60 

ant are alive, because they are im- 
mortal spirits, and they worship, and 
pray, and progress in holiness. 
9. — Who compose the Church Triumphant ? 
Ans. God and the holy angels compose 
the Church Triumphant; and after 
the judgment day, all who go to 
heaven will be in that part of the 
Church. 
10. — What do you mean by the Communion of 
Saints? 
Ans. By the Communion of Saints I 
mean that all the faithful members of 
the Church, whether on earth or in 
paradise, have the same spiritual life. 
11. — Whence do they get that life ? 

Ans. The members of the Church get 
their spiritual life from Christ, by the 
Holy Ghost, through the sacraments. 
12. — What does " communion " mean ? 

Ans. Communion means intercourse, that 
is, sharing and exchanging the same 
hopes and aims and affections. 
13. — How do the saints or faithful members of 
the Church on earth have communion ? 
Ans. The saints, or faithful members of the 
Church on earth, have communion by 



61 

living Christian lives, by praying for 
one another, and especially by receiv- 
ing Holy Communion. 

14. — How do the saints in paradise have com- 
munion with us ? 
Ans. The saints in paradise have commun- 
ion with us by praying for us, by 
loving and serving God, and by being 
joined to Christ. 

15. — How do we have communion with the 
saints in paradise ? 
Ans. We have communion with the saints 
in Paradise by being joined to Christ, 
by intercession, and especially by re- 
ceiving Holy Communion. 



LESSOR XXYL 

. THE TENTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Eepeat the tenth article of the Creed. 

Ans. " The Forgiveness of Sins." 
2.— What is sin ? 

Ans. Sin is disobedience. 
3. — Do you mean that sin is disobedience to 
God? 



62 

Ans. Yes ; but disobedience to parents or 
other lawful authority is disobedience 
to God. 
4. — Ho AY many kinds of sin are there ? 

Ans. There are two kinds of sin ; original 
sin and actual sin. 
5. — What is original sin ? 

Ans. Original sin is the sin in which we 
were born, the punishment of which 
and of all other sin has been taken 
away by our Saviour^s death and 
sacrifice. 
6. — What is actual sin? 

Ans. Actual sin is the sin we ourselves 

commit. 

7. — How many kinds of actual sin are there ? 

Ans. There are three kinds of actual sin ; 

venial sin, habitual sin, and deadly sin. 

8. — What is venial sin ? 

A71S. Venial sin is a sin like a single lie or 
a theft, and is an offence against God. 
9. — What is habitual sin ? 

Ans. Habitual sin is the habit of commit- 
ting the same sin often, until it has 
grown strong, and is very hard to be 
cured, even with sincere repentance, 
like the habit of lying, or stealing, or 
swearing. 



63 

10. — What is mortal or deadly sin ? 

Ans. Mortal sin is not an act, but a con- 
dition of sin without repentance. 
11. — Why is it called deadly sin? 

Ans. It is called mortal or deadly sin, be- 
cause if a person dies in such a state 
of sin, he will be lost eternally, and 
will go to hell. 



LESSON XXYII. 

THE TENTH ARTICLE OF THE CEEED (cONTINUED). 

1. — Eepeat the tenth article of the Creed. 

Ans. " The Forgiveness of Sins." 
2. — What is a deadly sin ? 

Ans. A deadly sin is deliberate and in- 
tentional disobedience to God, not fol- 
lowed by penitence. 
3. — How many deadly sins, or rather, condi- 
tions of sin, are there ? and what are 
' they? 
Ans. There are seven deadly sins : Pride, 
Anger, Lust, Covetousness, Gluttony, 
Envy, and Sloth. 
4. — What is sin against the Holy Ghost I 



64 

Ans. The sin against the Holy Ghost is 
persisting in sin and refusing to re- 
pent. 
5. — Is there any forgiveness for this sin ? 

Ans. There is no forgiveness for the sin 
against the Holy Ghost, either in this 
world or the next. 
6.— "Why is there no forgiveness for sin against 
the Holy Ghost ? 
Ans, There is no forgiveness for sin against 
the Holy Ghost, because there is no 
forgiveness for sin unless there is re- 
pentance. 
7. — What is repentance ? 

Ans. Eepentance is being sorry for a sin, 
being ashamed of it, hating it, con- 
fessing it, and promising to try not to 
commit it again. 
8. — Who forgives sin ? 

Ans. God forgives sin for Christ's sake, 
but only after we have repented. 
9. — How does God forgive sin ? 

Ans. God forgives sin in several ways, but 
chiefly through Baptism and Absolu- 
tion. 
10. — What sin is forgiven in Baptism ? 

Ans. Original sin is forgiven and taken 



65 

away by Baptism, and also actual sin 
comjnitted before baptism. 

11. — How is sin forgiven through Absolution ? 
Ans. If a person is penitent, a priest pro- 
nounces the words of Absolution, and 
then the sin is forgiven. 

12. — Does the priest forgive sins ? 

Ans. Our Lord Jesus Christ gives His 
priests power to forgive sins in His 
l^ame ; it is therefore God Who for- 
gives, using the priest as His mouth- 
piece. 



LESSON XXYIII. 

THE ELEVENTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Repeat the eleventh article of the Creed. 
Ans. " The Resurrection of the Body." 

2. — What do you mean by the resurrection of 
the body ? 
Ans. By the resurrection of the body I 
mean that this body in which I now 
live, shall be raised again from the 
dead, and that I shall again live in it. 

3. — Will not your body be destroyed in the 
grave ? 



66 

Ans. Yes, my body will be destroyed in 
the grave, but God will restore it. 
4. — Your body is composed of various ele- 
ments that will all be set free when 
the body decays ; how then can it be 
restored ? 
Ans. In the restoration of the body the 
identical particles are not necessary. 
5. — Why are not the identical particles neces- 
sary to the restoration of the body? 
Ans. The particles that make up our 
bodies are all changed every few 
years. 
6. — Is this the same body you have always 
had? 
Ans. This is the same body I have always 
had, but there are no particles in it 
now that were there seven years 
ago. 
7. — How do you know that it is the same 
body? 
Ans. I know that this is the same body, 
because I have been in it ever since I 
was born. 
8. — How would other people know it to be 
the same body ? 
Ans. People who know me would know 



I 



67 

this to be my body by my shape and 

my features. 
9. — Could you have a resurrection body unless 

you had a human body now ? 
Ans. I could not have a resurrection body 

unless I have a human body. 
10. — Does the Prayer Book anywhere explain 

"the resurrection of the body" by 

making it clear that your human body 

is meant ? 
Ans. The Creed in the Visitation of the 

Sick, in the Prayer Book, says, " the 

Resurrection of thefleshr 



LESSOIT XXIX. 

THE ELEVENTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINIJEd). 

1. — Repeat the eleventh article of the Creed. 

Ans, " The Resurrection of the Body." 
2. — What is a mark of identity ? 

An^. A mark of identity is something by 
which a thing can be recognized, as a 
name written in a book, a notch cut 
in a stick, or a scar on one's hand. 
3. — How was our Lord's body recognized after 
His resurrection ? 



68 

Ans, Our Lord's body was recognized 
after His resurrection by the marks 
of identity. 

L — What were those marks of identity ? 

Ans. His marks of identity were the 
wounds in His hands and feet and 
side, the sound of His voice, the feat- 
ures of His face, the shape of His 
form, and His manner of doing 
things. 

5. — Shall we have marks of identity in our 
resurrection bodies ? 
Ans. At the resurrection of the dead our 
bodies will be the same in all particu- 
lars, so that our friends will recognize 
us at once by our features, the color 
of our hair and eyes, and by any pe- 
culiar marks we may have upon us. 

6. — Was our Lord's body after the resurrec- 
tion the same that it had been before 
He died ? 
Ans, Our Lord rose from the grave in the 
same body that had died upon the 
cross, and had been laid in the grave. 

7. — But was there not some change in His 
body? 
Ans. Our Lord's body was changed by 



69 

His Resurrection, and became glori- 
fied. 
8. — Will the bodies of the faithful undergo 
this change ? 
Ans. The bodies of the faithful will be 
glorified at the general resurrection, 
as our Lord's body was glorified at 
His Resurrection. 
9. — Will every one be dead at the day of res- 
urrection ? 
Ans. No ; some people will be alive when 
our Lord comes to judge the quick 
and the dead. 
10. — What will happen to the bodies of those 
who are then alive ? 
Ans. Those who are alive when our Lord 
comes will have their bodies changed 
as though they had been dead. 
11. — To what does S. Paul liken the resurrec- 
tion of the body ? 
Ans. S. Paul says that the resurrection of 
the body is like seed sown in the 
ground. 
12.— How is it like it? 

Ans. The plant cannot come up unless 
the seed decays. 
13. — How does that apply to our bodies ? 



70 

Ans. The resurrection body cannot exist 
unless the human body dies. 



LESSON XXX. 

THE TWELFTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED. 

1. — Repeat the twelfth article of the Creed. 

Ans. " The Life Everlasting." 
2. — How is this expressed in the Nicene Creed ? 
Ans, " The Life of the world to come/' in 
the Nicene Creed, means the same as 
" The Life Everlasting," in the Apos- 
tles' Creed. 
3. — What does this twelfth article of the 
Creed mean ? 
Ans. " The Life everlasting " means that 
our spiritual life begun in Baptism, 
will continue to exist forever and 
ever, provided it be not killed by sin 
and unbelief. 
4. — Is anything necessary to sustain that life ? 
Ans, Yes, prayer, and faith, and good 
works, and resistance to temptation, 
are all necessary to sustain the spiritual 
life. 



71 

5. — Are these enough ? 

Ans. No, these things are not enough, but 
we also need the grace of the Sacra- 
ments. 
6.— How is the grace of the Sacraments 
necessary to the spiritual life ? 
Ans. Our Blessed Lord says that we can 
have no life of the soul unless we 
receive the Holy Communion. 
7. — Quote our Lord's words. 

Ans. " Except ye eat the Flesh of the Son 
of Man, and drink His Blood, ye have 
no life in you." [S. John vi. 53.] 
8. — But what does He say about life everlast- 
ing? 
Ans. Our Lord says, " Whoso eateth My 
Flesh and drinketh My Blood, hath 
eternal life and I will raise him up at 
the last day.'' [S. John vi. 54] 
9. — Do you consider then that Holy Commun- 
ion is necessary to the life everlast- 
ing? 
Ans. Holy Communion is necessary to 
eternal life, if a person can receive it. 
10. — What authority have you for such a state- 
ment. 
Ans. The Catechism in the Prayer Book 



72 

says that Baptism and Holy Commun- 
ion are generally necessary to salva- 
tion; that is, necessary for people 
everywhere. 

11. — Are the Sacraments absolutely necessary 
for all people ? 
A71S. The Sacraments are absolutely nec- 
essary for all people, except for those 
who are placed in peculiar circum- 
stances, and then God judges as to 
necessity. 

12. — Why are the Sacraments necessary ? 

Ans, The Sacraments are necessary to 
salvation because by them we are 
joined to God, through the Incarnation 
of our Blessed Lord. 



LESSON XXXL 

THE TWELFTH ARTICLE OF THE CREED (cONTINUED). 

1. — Repeat the twelfth article of the Creed. 

Ans. "The Life Everlasting." 
2. — Where will life everlasting be passed ? 
Ans, Life everlasting will be passed in 
heaven, with God and the angels and 
the saints. 



73 

3. — What will be the condition of those who 
will be admitted to heaven to enjoy 
eternal life ? 
Ans, Those who will be admitted to the 
life of the world to come, will be 
holy people, that is, saints. 
4. — Who will these saints be ? 

Ans, Any Christian can become a saint, 
for Christ has redeemed all men, and 
every one may be saved, if he will. 
5. — Will life everlasting seem long ? 

Ans. Life everlasting will not seem long, 
because the saints will not think of 
the flight of time. 
6. — What will be their condition ? 

Ans, Those who go to heaven will be per- 
fectly happy. They will be perfectly 
pure and holy in every thought and 
desire. 
7. — Would a sinner be happy if taken to 
heaven ? 
Ans, A person living in sin would be 
miserable if taken to heaven. It 
would not be heaven to him. 
8. — What do we need before we can enjoy the 
life everlasting ? 
Ans, — Before we can enjoy the life ever- 



74 

lasting we must learn to love holiness 
as well as to be purified from our sins. 
9. — As there is a life everlasting, is there also 
a death everlasting ? 
Ans, There is a death everlasting: and 
those die eternally who pass away 
from earth in a state of deadly sin. 



LESSON XXXII. 

THE SUMMARY OF THE CREED. 

1. — " Eehearse the Articles of thy Belief. '^ 

Ans. " I believe in God," etc. 
2.— "What dost thou chiefly learn in these 
Articles of thy Belief?" 
Ans. " First, I learn to believe in God the 
Father, Who hath made me, and all 
the world. 

" Secondly, in God the Son, Who 
hath redeemed me, and all mankind. 

"Thirdly, in God the Holy Ghost, 
Who sanctifieth me, and all the people 
of God." 
3. — These are three mysteries. Tell me what 
they are ? 



75 

Ans. The first is the mystery of Creation ; 
the second is the mystery of Kedemp- 
tion; the third is the mystery of 
Sanctification. 
4. — What is the mystery of Creation ? * 

Ans. The mystery of Creation is, that God, 
Who is uncreate, and Who always ex- 
isted, created everything by the ex- 
ercise of His Will. 
5. — What is the mystery of Eedemption ? 
Ans. The mystery of Eedemption is that 
the Son of God, our Lord Jesus Christ, 
paid the cost of human sin by His In- 
carnation, Life, Death, Resurrection 
and Ascension. 
6. — What is the mystery of Sanctification ? 
Ans. The mystery of Sanctification is that 
God the Holy Ghost makes holy all 
God's people, that is, all who are bap- 
tized, and who earnestly try to live 
Christian lives. 
7. — Into how many paragraphs is the Creed 
divided ? 
Ans. The Creed is divided into three para- 
graphs. 
8. — What does the first paragraph teach ? 
Ans. The first paragraph of the Creed 



76 

teaches about God the Father, and His 
work of Creation. 
9. — What does the second paragraph teach ? 
Ans. The second paragraph of the Creed 
teaches about God the Son, and His 
work of Eedemption. 
10. — What does the third paragraph teach ? 
Ans. The third paragraph of the Creed 
teaches about God the Holy Ghost, 
and His work of Sanctification. 
11. — Why does the third paragraph include 
" the Holy Catholic Church, the Com- 
munion of Saints ? " 
Ans. The third paragraph of the Creed 
includes the mention of the Church 
and the Communion of Saints because 
they are the means and the result of 
sanctification by the Holy Ghost. 
12. — Why does it include " The Forgiveness 
of Sins?" 
Ans. The Nicene Creed says, " I acknowl- 
edge one Baptism for the remission of 
sins." 
13. — What does that mean ? 

Ans. Sins are remitted by Sacraments, and 
Sacraments have only existed since the 
Holy Ghost came. 



77 



LESSON XXXIII. 

THE DOCTRINE OF THE HOLY TRINITY. 

1. — What does the word Trinity mean ? 

Ans. Trinity comes from two Latin words, 
and means " three in one." 
2. — What is the doctrine of the Holy Trinity ? 
Ans. The doctrine of the Holy Trinity 
is that there is One God, and there 
are Three Persons in the One God- 
head. 
3. — ^What are the Names of the Three Persons 
of the .Holy Trinity ? 
Ans. The Three Persons of the Holy 
Trinity are God the Father, God the 
Son, and God the Holy Ghost. 
4.— Is the Eternal Father God? 

Ans. The Eternal Father is God. 
5.— Is the Eternal Son God? 

Ans. The Eternal Son is God. 



78 

6.— Is the Eternal Holy Spirit God? 

Ans. The Eternal Holy Spirit is God. 
7. — Then is Each of the Three Persons 
God? 
Ans. Each of the Three Persons is God, 
and there is only One God. 
8. — Can you understand this doctrine ? 

Ans. I cannot understand this doctrine, 
nor can any one understand it. 
9. — How then can we believe it ? 

Ans, We believe the doctrine of the 
Adorable Trinity by faith. 
10. — Could we receive it bv faith if w^e under- 
stood it ? 
A71S, We can receive nothing by faith that 
we understand. 
11. — But how do you know that the doctrine 
of the Adorable Trinity is true ? 
Ans, I knoAv that the doctrine of the 
Adorable Trinity is true, because the 
Church teaches it, and has taught it 
from the beginning of Christianity. 
12. — Can the Church prove the doctrine of the 
Holy Trinity? 
A71S. The Church can prove the doctrine 
of the Holy Trinity from the Bible. 



79 



LESSON XXXIV. 

THE HOLY BIBLE. 

l._What is the Holy Bible ? 

Ans. The Holy Bible is God's written 
message to the world. 
2.— Who wrote the Bible ? 

Ans. The Bible was written by prophets, 

evangelists, apostles, and other holy 

. men who were members of the Church, 

and the Church says that the Bible is 

the word of God. 

3. — How is the Bible the word of God ? 

Ans. The Bible is the word of God because 
it is the truth which God has made 
known by the inspiration of the Holy 
Ghost. 
4. — What do you mean by the Inspiration of 
the Holy Ghost? 
Ans. By Inspiration I mean that God 
the Holy Ghost acted upon the minds 
of holy men, and fixed the truth in 
their minds, and then they wrote it 
down. 



80 

5. — Into how many parts is the Bible divided ? 
Ans. The Bible is divided into two parts, 
the Old Testament and the New Testa- 
ment. 
6. — Is Testament the right word to use here ? 
Ans. Testament is not quite correct: 
Covenant is what is meant ; the Old 
Covenant and the New Covenant. 
7. — As long as we understand that Testament 
is used in the sense of Covenant, we 
can go on using it. How many divis- 
ions are there in the Old Testament ? 
Ans. There are five divisions in the Old 
Testament; the Law, the Prophets, 
the Psalms, the Historical Books, and 
the Holy Writings. 
8. — ^Who wrote the Books of the Law ? 

Ans. Moses wrote the Books of the Law. 
9. — How many Books of the Law are there, 
and what are their names ? 
Ans. There are five Books of the Law: 
Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, 
and Deuteronomy. 
10. — How many Historical Books are there, 
and what are their names ? 
Ans. There are twelve Historical Books : 
Joshua, Judges, Kuth, I. Samuel, 11. 



81 



Samuel, I. Kings, II. Kings, I. Chron- 
icles, II. Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, 
and Esther. 



LESSOIT XXXV. 

THE HOLY BIBLE (CONTINUED). 

1. — How many Books of the Prophets are 
there in the Old Testament ? 
Ans, There are the writings of the four 
greater prophets, and of the twelve 
lesser prophets. 
2. — Who were the greater prophets ? 

Ans. The greater prophets were Isaiah, 
Daniel, Ezekiel, and Jeremiah. Each 
wrote a book, and Jeremiah also wrote 
the Lamentations. 
3. — Who were the twelve lesser prophets? 
Ans. The twelve lesser prophets were, 
Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, 
Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, 
Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi. 
4. — How many Psalms are there ? 

Ans. There are one hundred and fifty 
Psalms. 



82 

5. — Who wrote the Psalms ? 

Ans. King David wrote most of the 
Psalms, but some were written by- 
Moses, Asaph, Solomon, and others. 
6. — How many books are included in the 
Holy "Writings ? 
Ans. There are four books in the Holy- 
Writings, namely. Job, Proverbs, Ec~ 
clesiastes and the Song of Solomon. 
7. — Who wrote the last three books ? 

Ans. Solomon wrote Proverbs, Eccle- 
siastes, and the Song of Solomon. 
8. — Which is the oldest book in the Bible, and 
probably the oldest in the world ? 
Ans. The Book of Job is probably the 
oldest known book. It is supposed to 
have been written about thirty-five 
hundred years ago. 
9. — Why is it necessary for us to read the Old 
Testament ? 
Ans. It is necessary for us to read the Old 
Testament because it is the history of 
the Church before Christ came. 
10. — What do we learn from the Old Testa- 
ment? 
Ans. In the Old Testament we learn of 
the creation of all things, of human 



83 

sin and divine love, and of God's deal- 
ings with men. 



LESSON XXXVL 

THE HOLY BIBLE (CONTINUED). 

1. — What are the divisions of the New Testa- 
ment? 
Ans. The New Testament is divided into 
the Gospels, the Acts, the Epistles, 
and the Kevelation. 

2. — How many accounts of the Gospel are 
there, and who wrote them ? 
Ans. There are four accounts of the Gos- 
pel, and they were written by S. Mat- 
thew, S. Mark, S. Luke, and S. John. 

3. — Who wrote the Book of the Acts of the 
Apostles ? 
Ans. S. Luke wrote the Acts of the 
Apostles; and it is the continuation 
of his account of the Gospel. 

4. — What does Gospel mean ? 

Ans. Gospel means " good news." The 
word is generally used to designate 
the life of our Saviour as recorded in 
the New Testament, 



84 

5. — How many Epistles did S. Paul write, and 
what are their names ? 
Ans. S. Paul wrote thirteen Epistles, 
namely, Komans, I. Corinthians, II. 
Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, 
Philippians, Colossians, I. Thessalo- 
nians, II. Thessalonians, I. Timothy, 
II. Timothy, Titus, Philemon. 
6. — Who wrote the other Epistles ? 

Atis. S. James wrote one, S. Peter wrote 
two, S. John wrote three, S. Jude 
wrote one. 
7. — Who wrote the Epistle to the Hebrews ? 
Ans, It is not certainly known who wrote 
the Epistle to the Hebrews, though it 
is generally supposed that S. Paul 
wrote it. 
8. — ^Who wrote the Book of Kevelation ? 
Ans. S. John wrote the Book of Kevela- 
tion. 
9. — When were the first books of the New 
Testament written ? 
Ans. The first books of the New Testa- 
ment, were written some years after 
the establishment of the Church. 
10. — ^When was the last book written ? 



85 

Ans. The last book of the Bible, the 
Revelation, was written in the year 
A. D. 96, sixty years after the death 
and resurrection of our Saviour. 
11. — Which existed first, the Bible or the 
Church? 
Ans. The Jewish Church existed before 
the Old Testament was written, and 
the Christian Church existed before 
the New Testament was written. 



LESSON XXXVII. 

THE SACEAMENTAL SYSTEM. 

1. — '^How many Sacraments hath Christ 
ordained in His Church ? " 
Ans. " Two only, as generally necessary 
to salvation ; that is to say, Baptism, 
and the Supper of the Lord." 

2. — Explain that more fully. 

Ans. Christ has established in His Church 
two Sacraments which every one 
must receive who would be saved. 
These necessary Sacraments are Bap- 
tism and Holy Communion. 

3. — What do you mean by saying that these 



86 

Sacraments are "generally neces- 
sary ? " 

Ans. " Generally necessary" means neces- 
sary when they can be had. 
4.~What does " necessary to salvation " 
mean ? 

Ans. " Necessary to salvation " means 
that you cannot go to heaven without 
the Sacraments if you can possibly 
get them. 
5. — Is Holy Communion as necessary to salva- 
tion as Holy Baptism ? 

Ans. Holy Communion is as necessary to 
salvation as Holy Baptism, except for 
infants. 
6. — " What meanest thou by this word Sacra- 
ment f " 

Ans. " I mean an outward and visible sign 
of an inward and spiritual grace given 
unto us ; ordained by Christ Himself, 
as a means whereby we receive the 
same, and a pledge to assure us 
thereof." 
7. — Explain your answer. 

Ans. By the word Sacrament I mean a 
form which our Saviour has appointed 
as a means of receiving grace. 



87 

8. — Can you not make it plainer ? 

Ans. A Sacrament is a form or ceremony 
in which an " outward and visible 
sign " is used to convey an " inward 
and spiritual grace " which is " given 
unto us." 
9. — Of what use is the " outward and visible 
sign ? '' 
Ans, The " outward and visible sign " is 
the " means whereby we receive " the 
grace, and it is " a pledge to assure 
us " that we have received the grace. 
10. — Can we receive the inward and spiritual 
grace without the outward and visible 
sign? 
Ans. We cannot receive the grace of ihe 
Sacraments without receiving the 
Sacraments themselves. 
[The catechist should here explain Spiritual 
Communion.] 



88 



LESSON XXXYIIL 

THE SACRAMENTAL SYSTEM (CONTINUED). 

1. — " How many parts are there in a Sacra- 
ment?" 
Ans. " Two ; the outward visible sign, 
and the inward spiritual grace." 

2. — Let us understand this better. First, 
what is " grace ? " 
Ans. Grace is favor. To say that we 
have received God's grace is to say 
that God is pleased with us, and has 
given us strength to do what we have 
asked of Him. 

3. — Give an illustration of what you mean by 
God's grace. 
' Ans, If a person has a duty to do, or a 
temptation to resist, and receives the 
Holy Communion, asking for strength, 
and then does the duty, or resists 
the temptation, that is having the 
grace of God. 

4. — Would it not do just as well to pray for 
grace as to receive the Sacraments ? 
Ans. No, it would not do as well merely 



89 

to pray for grace as to receive the 
Sacraments, because Christ has or- 
dained the Sacraments. 

5. — But has not our Lord left it for us to 
decide whether or not we will receive 
the Sacraments ? 
Arts, Our Lord has appointed the Sacra- 
ments to be received, and we have no 
choice in the matter. 

6. — Is it a sin then, not to receive the Sacra- 
ments? 
Ans. It is a sin not to receive the Sacra- 
ments. 

7. — Why is it, a sin not to receive the Sacra- 
ments ? 
Arts. To refuse to receive the Sacraments 
is to charge our Saviour with being 
either cruel or ignorant, thus denying 
that He is God. 

8. — "What do we lose by refusing to receive 
Holy Baptism ? 
Ans. By refusing to receive Baptism we 
put ourselves outside of covenant with 
God, our original sin is not forgiven, 
we are not joined to Christ, and we 
have no inheritance in the kingdom 
of heaven. 



90 

9. — What do we lose by refusing to receive 
Confirmation ? 

Ans. By refusing to receive Confirmation 
we lose the enlightenment and strength 
of the Holy Ghost. 
10. — ^What do we lose by refusing to receive 
the Holy Communion ? 

Ans. By refusing to receive Holy Com- 
munion we lose "the strengthening 
and refreshing of our souls," the for- 
giveness of sins, and the pledge of 
resurrection and eternal life. 
11. — What, in a few words, do we lose, by re- 
fusing to receive the Sacraments ? 

Ans, By refusing to receive the Sacra- 
ments, we lose our souls. 



91 



LESSON XXXIX. 

THE SACKAMENTAL SYSTEM (cONTINTJED). 

1. — When the Prayer Book Catechism says 
that there are only two Sacraments 
necessary to salvation, does it not im- 
ply that there are other Sacraments 
which are not necessary to salvation ? 
Ans. The Prayer Book Catechism implies 
that there are other Sacraments than 
Baptism and Holy Communion, and 
that they are not necessary to salva- 
tion. 

2. — Where will you find the names of these 
other Sacraments ? 
Ans. The lesser Sacraments are named in 
Article XXV. of the Articles of Ee- 
ligion. 

3.— What are the names there given ? 

Ans. The names of the lesser or minor 
Sacraments as given in the Articles of 
Religion are, Confirmation, Penance, 
Orders, Matrimony and Extreme Unc- 
tion. 



92 

4. — What does Article XXV. say of them ? 
Ans. Article XXY. says that they "are 
not to be counted for Sacraments of 
the Gospel." 

5._Whynot? 

Ans. They " are not to be counted as 
Sacraments of the Gospel," because 
there is no record in the Gospel that 
God ordained them. 

6. — But have they not the nature of Sacra- 
ments ? 
Ans. They have the nature of Sacraments 
because they have the outward visible 
sign of the inward spiritual grace. 

7. — What, for instance, is the outward visible 
sign, or form, in Confirmation ? 
Ans. The outward visible sign or form in 
Confirmation is the laying on of the 
Bishop's hands, and the inward spirit- 
ual grace is the sevenfold gift of the 
Holy Ghost. 

8. — The Article states that these Sacraments 
are partly " a corrupt following of the 
Apostles, and partly are states of life 
allowed in the Scriptures." Will you 
explain this ? 
Ans. Extreme Unction, or anointing a 



93 

person on his death-bed, is a corrupt 
following of the Apostles, who admin- 
istered Unction^ or the anointing with 
oil to heal the sick. [James v. 14] 
9. — Give an example of a state of life allowed 
in the Scriptures. 

Atis. Holy Matrimony is a state of life 
allowed in the Scriptures. 
10. — What minor Sacrament is necessary to 
the life of the Church ? 

Ans. The Sacrament of Holy Orders is 
necessary to the life of the Church, 
for without ordination there could be 
no Ministry, no Sacraments and no 
Church. 



LESSON XL. 

THE SACRAMENTS OF THE GOSPEL. 

1. — What are the Sacraments of the Gospel ? 

Ans. Holy Baptism and Holy Communion 

are the Sacraments of the Gospel, and 

they are necessary for the salvation 

of all men, if they can be had. 

2. — What were you made when you were 
baptized ? 



94 

Ans. When I was baptized I was made 
"a member of Christ, the child of 
God, and an inheritor of the Kingdom 
of Heaven." 

3. — How were you made the child of God by- 
Holy Baptism ? 
Ans. When I was baptized I was born 
again by Kegeneration, or the New 
Birth, I was adopted the child of God 
by the Holy Ghost, and I was grafted 
into the Church. [Art. XXYH.] 

4. — "What is the inward and spiritual grace" 
in Baptism ? 
Ans. " A death unto sin, and a new birth 
unto righteousness : for being by 
nature born in sin, and the children of 
wrath, we are hereby made the chil- 
dren of grace." 

6. — " Why was the Sacrament of the Lord's 
Supper ordained ? " 
Ans. " For the continual remembrance of 
the Sacrifice of the death of Christ, 
and of the benefits which we receive 
thereby." 

6. — The Sacrament of the Holy Eucharist was 
ordained for two purposes : what was 
the first? 



95 

Ans, The first purpose for which the 
Sacrament of the Holy Eucharist was 
ordained, was that it should be a per- 
petual memorial of the Sacrifice of the 
death of Christ. 
7. — What was the second purpose % 

Arts. The second purpose for which Christ 
ordained the Holy Communion was 
that it should be the means whereby 
He would feed and nourish the mem- 
bers of His Church 
8. — " What is the outward part or sign in the 
Lord's Supper ? " 

Arts. "Bread and wine, which the Lord 
hath commanded to be received." 
9. — " What is the inward part, or thing signi- 
fied?" 

Ans. "The Body and Blood of Christ, 
which are spiritually taken and re- 
ceived by the faithful in the Lord's 
Supper." 
10. — " What are the benefits whereof we are 
partakers thereby ? " 

Ans. " The strengthening and refreshing 
of our souls by the Body and Blood 
of Christ, as our bodies are by the 
Bread and Wine," 



APPENDIX A. 



A SCHEME FOR THE STUDY OF GENESIS. 



LESSON. 




LESSON. 




I. 


Gen. i. i — 25. 




22. Gen 


. xxi. I — 20. 


2. 


i. 1—25. 




23. 


xxii. I — 19. 


3- 


1. 26—31. 




24. 


xxiv. I — 4, 10 — 32 


4. 


i. 26—31. 




25. 


xxiv. 54—67. 


5- 


ii. 1—7. 




26. 


xxvii. 


6. 


ii. 8—17. 




27. 


xxviii, I — 5,11 — 22 


7- 


ii. 18—25. 




28. 


xxix. I — 20. 


8. 


iii. I — 19. 




29. 


xxxi. 17—23, 


9. 


iii. 19 — 24. 






36—43- 


10. 


iv. I— 13. 




30. 


xxxii. 


11. 


vi. 1—8. 




31. 


xxxvii. I — II. 


12. 


vi. 9 — 22. 




32. 


xxxvii. 12 — 28. 


13. 


vii. 




33. 


xxxvii. 29 — 36. 


14- 


viii. 




34. 


xxxix. I — 4,20 — 23. 


15- 


ix. 




35. 


xl. 


16. 


xi. I — 9. 




36. 


xli. 


17- 


xii. I — 10. 




37. 


xlii. and xliii. 


18. 


xiii. I — 12. 




38. 


xliv. and xlv. 


19- 


xiv. I — 2, II— 


-20, 


39. 


xlviii. I — 4, and 


20. 


xviii. I — 10,16- 


-33. 




xlix. 20-33. 


21. 


xix. 1—3, 15— 


-26. 


40. 


1. 



A SCHEME FOR THE STUDY OF ISAIAH. 



LESSON. 

I. Isaiah i. i — 4, 16 — 19. 



11. 1—5- 
vi. 1—8. 
vii. 10 — 16. 
ix. 2 — 7. 
xi. I — 10. 
xxxii. I — 8, 

XXXV. 



LESSON. 

9. Isaiah xxxvi. i, 4, 22, 
xxxvii. I, 21, 
33-38. 
10. xl. I — II. 



xl. 12 — 31. 

xlii. I — 4. 
xliii. I — 7. 
xlix. I — 4. 
97 



98 



A SCHEME FOR THE STUDY OF ISAIAH. 



LESSON. 




LESSOX. 








15. 


Isaiah xlix. 12 — 17. 


28. 


Isaiali 


Ix. 8- 


-14. 


16. 




xlix. 18 — 23. 


29. 






Ix. 15—18. 


17. 




li 1—6. 


30. 






Ix. 19 — 22. 


18. 




liii. I — 6. 


31. 






Ixi. I 


—3. 


19. 




Hi. 7—15. 


32. 






Ixi. 4 


—8. 


20. 




liii. 1—3. 


33. 






Ixii. 


5—9. 


21. 




liii. 4 — 9. 


34. 






Ixiii. 


1—6. 


22. 




Hi. 10 — 12. 


35- 






Ixiii. 


7—9. 


23. 




Iv. 1—5. 


36. 






Ixiii. 


10 — 16. 


24. 




Iv. 6-13. 


37. 






Ixv. II — 19. 


25. 




Iviii. 3—7. 


38. 






Ixvi. 


1—3. 


26. 




lix. 16 — 21. 


39. 






Ixvi. 


12 — 14. 


27. 


A 


Ix. I — 7. 
SCHEME FOR THE 


40. 
ST 


UI 


)Y C 


Ixvi. 
)F S. 


15—19. 
MARK. 


LESSON. 




LESSON, 








I. 


S. 


Mark i. i — 13. 


22. 


s. 


Mark ix. 


14—29. 


2. 




i. 14—34. 


23. 






ix. 


30-50. 


3- 




1. 34—45. 


24. 






x. 


[—27. 


4- 




ii. I — 14. 


25. 






x. : 


28—52. 


5. 




n. 15—28. 


26. 






xi. 


I— 19. 


6. 




iii. I — 21. 


27. 






xi. 


20—33. 


7- 




iii. 22—35. 


28. 






xii. 


I — 12. 


8. 




iv. 1—25. 


29. 






xii. 


13—27. 


9- 




iv. 26 — 41. 


30. 






xii. 


28—37. 


10. 




V. I — 20. 


31. 






xii. 


38—44. 


II. 




V. 21—43. 


32. 






xii] 


. 1-6, 


12. 




vi. I— 13. 










24—37. 


13. 




vi. 14 — 29. 


33. 






xiv 


. I— 16. 


14. 




vi. 30—44. 


34. 






xiv 


. 17—41. 


15. 




vi. 45—56. 


35. 






xiv 


. 41—52. 


16. 




vn. 1—23. 


36. 






xiv 


• 53—72. 


17. 




vii. 24—37. 


37- 






XV. 


1-38. 


18. 




viii. I — 21. 


38. 






XV. 


39—47. 


19- 




viii. 22 — 30. 


39. 






xvi 


. I— 13. 


20. 




vin. 31—38. 


40. 






xvi 


. 14 — 20. 


21. 




ix. I — 13. 













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